Synthesis of a terpolymer and a tetrapolymer using monomers of diallylamine salts and SO2 and their application as antiscalants

• Published in: Iranian polymer journal 2016-09, Vol.25 (9), p.747-756
• Main Authors: Ali, Shaikh A., Haladu, Shamsuddeen A., Mazumder, Mohammad A. J., Al-Muallem, Hasan A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Ammonium peroxodisulfate; Aqueous solutions; Azobisisobutyronitrile; Ceramics; Chemical precipitation; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Composites; Depletion; Glass; Monomers; Natural Materials; Original Paper; Polyelectrolytes; Polymer Sciences; Polymers; Reverse osmosis; Sulfur trioxide; Terpolymers
• ISSN: 1026-1265; 1735-5265
• DOI: 10.1007/s13726-016-0463-3

An aqueous solution of diallylammonium salts (CH 2  = CHCH 2 ) 2 NH + (CH 2 ) 3 A − having A − as: CO 2 − ( I ), PO 3 H 2 Cl − ( II ) and SO 3 − ( III ) in 1:1:1 mol ratio underwent ammonium persulfate-initiated ter cyclopolymerization to yield pH-responsive zwitterionic polymer IV with random placements of the monomers in the same ratio. During dialysis, PO 3 H 2 Cl − of the incorporated monomer units of II upon depletion of HCl became PO 3 H − . Likewise, azobisisobutyronitrile-initiated cyclopolymerization of I , II , III , and SO 2 in a mole ratio of 1:1:1:3 provided pH-responsive tetrapolymer V in over 90 % yield with random and alternative placements of I–III and SO 2 units, respectively, in the same ratio as the feed. Polyzwitterions (PZs) IV and V were insoluble in salt-free water but soluble in the presence of salts. The critical salt concentrations required to promote water solubility of PZ IV were determined to be 0.356 M NaCl, 0.237 M NaBr and 0.128 M NaI, whereas for PZ V the corresponding values were found to be 2.25, 1.26 and 0.862 M, respectively. PZs IV and V were converted into anionic polyelectrolytes VI and VII upon basification with NaOH. The viscosity and antiscalant behaviors of VI and VII were examined. The polymers demonstrated remarkable scale inhibition efficacies; at a dose of 10 ppm, both IV (+NaOH) and V (+NaOH) delayed the precipitation of CaSO 4 from its supersaturated solution up to 920 and over 4000 min, respectively. For a small concentration of 5 ppm of polymer V , a scale inhibition of 100 % over 100 min verified it to be a potential effective antiscalant additive in reverse osmosis plants.