Signal and regulatory effects of methylglyoxal in eukaryotic cells (review)

Methylglyoxal (MG) is one of the physiological glucose metabolites formed in living organisms. The data on the influence of MG on different internal systems of eukaryotic cells, including the central signaling pathways, are been discussed in the review. The central signaling pathways are stress-acti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied biochemistry and microbiology 2017-05, Vol.53 (3), p.273-289
Main Authors: Kosmachevskaya, O. V., Shumaev, K. B., Topunov, A. F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biochemistry
Biological clocks
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Braking
Circuits
Glucose
Hormesis
Hypothalamus
Integration
Life Sciences
Medical Microbiology
Metabolites
Microbiology
Neurons
Physiology
Pyruvaldehyde
Reactive oxygen species
Reviews
Signal transduction
Stress concentration
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Summary:Methylglyoxal (MG) is one of the physiological glucose metabolites formed in living organisms. The data on the influence of MG on different internal systems of eukaryotic cells, including the central signaling pathways, are been discussed in the review. The central signaling pathways are stress-activated and sensitive to the action of reactive oxygen species. Integration of the literary data and authors’ results has allowed the conclusion that MG action on cells is multidirectional and is determined by its concentration and the physiological state of the cell. The cellular reaction upon increasing MG concentrations has a phase pattern and can be described by the hormesis concept. It has been hypothesized that MG participates in the formation of the braking regulatory circuit, which modulates the sensitivity of hypothalamus neurons to glucose. It is concluded that MG has a possible role in the functioning of the great biological clock. We propose that the data discussed in this review allow methylglyoxal to be considered a molecule with signal and regulatory functions.
ISSN:0003-6838
1608-3024
DOI:10.1134/S0003683817030103