The population genetics of two orchid bees suggests high dispersal, low diploid male production and only an effect of island isolation in lowering genetic diversity

Orchid bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini) are important pollinators of many plant families in Neotropical forests, habitats that have become increasingly degraded and fragmented by agricultural practices. To understand the extent to which loss of natural habitat and isolation has affected the ge...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Conservation genetics 2017-06, Vol.18 (3), p.607-619
Main Authors: Soro, Antonella, Quezada-Euan, J. Javier G., Theodorou, Panagiotis, Moritz, Robin F. A., Paxton, Robert J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural land
Agricultural practices
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Bees
Biodiversity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Conservation Biology/Ecology
Dispersal
Ecology
Evolutionary Biology
Gene flow
Genetic diversity
Genetic structure
Genetics
Habitat loss
Habitats
Heterozygosity
Human impact
Human influences
Inbreeding
Islands
Land use
Life Sciences
Plant Genetics and Genomics
Pollinators
Population decline
Population genetics
Populations
Research Article
Tropical forests
Urban agriculture
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Summary:Orchid bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini) are important pollinators of many plant families in Neotropical forests, habitats that have become increasingly degraded and fragmented by agricultural practices. To understand the extent to which loss of natural habitat and isolation has affected the genetic diversity and diploid male production (DMP) of two orchid bee species, Euglossa dilemma and Euglossa viridissima , we collected and genotyped 1686 males at five microsatellite loci and tested for differences in allelic richness, heterozygosity and DMP across three different types of land use (natural, agricultural and urban) and between mainland and island populations in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. We also investigated the impact of land use and geographic isolation on gene flow. Euglossa dilemma and E. viridissima seemed to be particularly resilient to loss of natural habitat; in locations with human impact, we did not find reduced genetic diversity, and populations generally showed very little population genetic structure. Only on islands did E. dilemma show significantly reduced genetic diversity. Even after accounting for putative null alleles, DMP was very low (0.2–1.3%) across all sampling sites, including on islands. We therefore suggest that DMP is an insensitive measure of inbreeding and population decline in our two study species.
ISSN:1566-0621
1572-9737
DOI:10.1007/s10592-016-0912-8