Possibilities of the forecast of generation of the high energy solar protons for the safety of Mars mission

During interplanetary flight, after large solar flares, astronauts are subject to the impact of relativistic solar protons. These particles produce an especially strong effect during extravehicular activity or landing on Mars (in the future). The relativistic protons reach the orbits of the Earth an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta astronautica 2017-06, Vol.135, p.187-191
Main Authors: Avakyan, S.V., Gaponov, V.A., Nicol'skii, G.A., Solov’ev, A.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Astronauts
Cosmic rays
Earth orbits
Energy
Extravehicular activity
Flares
Ground level
Human safety
Interplanetary flight
Irradiance
Long-term manned space flight
Mars
Mars landing
Multinational space ventures
Particle physics
Physics
Radiation
Relativism
Relativistic protons
Solar cosmic rays
Solar flares
Solar irradiance
Solar protons
Solar x rays
Terrestrial environments
Total Solar irradiance
Ultraviolet radiation
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Summary:During interplanetary flight, after large solar flares, astronauts are subject to the impact of relativistic solar protons. These particles produce an especially strong effect during extravehicular activity or landing on Mars (in the future). The relativistic protons reach the orbits of the Earth and Mars with a delay of several hours relative to solar X-rays and UV radiation. In this paper, we discuss a new opportunity to predict the most dangerous events caused by Solar Cosmic Rays with protons of maximum (relativistic) energy, known in the of solar-terrestrial physics asGround Level Enhancements or Ground Level Events (GLEs). This new capability is based on a close relationship between the dangerous events and decrease ofTotal Solar Irradiance (TSI)which precedes these events. This important relationship is revealed for the first time.
ISSN:0094-5765
1879-2030
DOI:10.1016/j.actaastro.2017.01.030