Lipid Biomarkers Reveal Microbial Communities in Hydrothermal Chimney Structures from the 49.6°E Hydrothermal Vent Field at the Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge

Lipid biomarkers were investigated to reveal the microbial life preserved in sulfide and Si-rich chimney from the 49.6°E hydrothermal vent field. In sulfide chimney, iso-/anteiso-fatty acids and H-shaped glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers are the main microbial biomarkers. In Si-rich chimney, mon...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Geomicrobiology journal 2017-07, Vol.34 (6), p.557-566
Main Authors: Lei, Jijiang, Chu, Fengyou, Yu, Xiaoguo, Li, Xiaohu, Tao, Chunhui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonia
Archaea
Bacteria
Biomarker
Biomarkers
Communities
Composition
Fatty acids
Glycerol
hydrothermal chimney
Hyperthermophilic archaea
Lipids
Microbial activity
Microbiomes
microorganism
Microorganisms
Oxidation
Oxidizing agents
Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge
Structures
Sulfate reduction
Sulfate-reducing bacteria
Sulfates
Sulfides
Sulfur
Sulphate reduction
Sulphides
Sulphur
Temperature effects
Uranium
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Summary:Lipid biomarkers were investigated to reveal the microbial life preserved in sulfide and Si-rich chimney from the 49.6°E hydrothermal vent field. In sulfide chimney, iso-/anteiso-fatty acids and H-shaped glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers are the main microbial biomarkers. In Si-rich chimney, monounsaturated fatty acids (C16:1n7, C18:1n7) are the main bacterial biomarkers detected, and crenarchaeol and its isomer are relatively abundant (up to 25% of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers) archaeol biomarkers. Composition of lipid biomarkers reveals the diversity of microbial communities in different types of chimney structures. Sulfate-reducing bacteria and hyperthermophilic archaea were considered to be the majority microbial life in sulfide chimney, and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were abundant in Si-rich chimney while archaea in Si-rich chimney and mainly attributed to Thaumarchaeota, which were predominately ammonia oxidizers. Our result suggested that fluid temperature and gaseous components could be the main constraints for the diversity of microbial communities in hydrothermal chimney structures in 49.6°E hydrothermal vent field.
ISSN:0149-0451
1521-0529
DOI:10.1080/01490451.2016.1238979