Desomorphine (Krokodil): An overview of its chemistry, pharmacology, metabolism, toxicology and analysis

Graphical abstract Krokodil (as is known by the street) is an opioid denominated desomorphine. This injectable semi-synthetic opioid drug has been largely used in the last years for recreational purposes in Russia and several European and American countries. It is time for society around the world o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Drug and alcohol dependence 2017-04, Vol.173, p.59-68
Main Authors: Florez, Diego Hernando Ângulo, dos Santos Moreira, Ana Maria, da Silva, Pedro Rafael, Brandão, Ricardo, Borges, Marcella Matos Cordeiro, de Santana, Fernando José Malagueño, Borges, Keyller Bastos
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Action control
Addictions
Addicts
Analgesics, Opioid - adverse effects
Analgesics, Opioid - pharmacokinetics
Analgesics, Opioid - pharmacology
Analgesics, Opioid - toxicity
Analysis
Behavior, Addictive
Bones
Chemical agents
Chemical reactions
Chemistry
Codeine
Codeine - adverse effects
Codeine - analogs & derivatives
Codeine - pharmacokinetics
Codeine - pharmacology
Codeine - toxicity
Consumption
Contaminants
Death & dying
Desomorphine
Drugs
Forensic engineering
Forensic science
Forensic toxicology
Hazards
Humans
Infection - chemically induced
Krokodil
Literature reviews
Measurement
Medical diagnosis
Metabolism
Metabolites
Morphine
Opioid-Related Disorders
Opioids
Pharmacology
Psychiatry
Public health
Side effects
Skin
Street Drugs - adverse effects
Street Drugs - pharmacokinetics
Street Drugs - pharmacology
Street Drugs - toxicity
Toxicology
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Summary:Graphical abstract Krokodil (as is known by the street) is an opioid denominated desomorphine. This injectable semi-synthetic opioid drug has been largely used in the last years for recreational purposes in Russia and several European and American countries. It is time for society around the world open their eyes to this old dangerous drug.
ISSN:0376-8716
1879-0046
DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.12.021