Mitochondrial phylogenomic analysis resolves the subfamily placement of enigmatic green lacewing genus Nothancyla (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Green lacewings are the second most species‐rich family in the order Neuroptera, comprising ~1200 species distributed in all major biogeographic regions of the world. The extant members of this family are divided into three subfamilies, including Nothochrysinae, Apochrysinae and Chrysopinae, all of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Austral entomology 2017-08, Vol.56 (3), p.322-331
Main Authors: Dai, Yuting, Winterton, Shaun L., Garzón‐Orduña, Ivonne J., Liang, Feiyang, Liu, Xingyue
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apochrysinae
Aquatic insects
Bayesian analysis
Chrysopidae
Cretaceous
Divergence
divergence time
Genes
Genomes
Mitochondria
mitochondrial genome
Neural coding
Neuroptera
Nothancyla
Nothochrysinae
Phylogeny
Physical characteristics
Placement
Probability theory
Proteins
rRNA
tRNA
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Summary:Green lacewings are the second most species‐rich family in the order Neuroptera, comprising ~1200 species distributed in all major biogeographic regions of the world. The extant members of this family are divided into three subfamilies, including Nothochrysinae, Apochrysinae and Chrysopinae, all of which are reasonably well defined based on adult morphological characteristics. Yet, the enigmatic monotypic genus Nothancyla Navás from southern Australia exhibits characteristics typical of both Chrysopinae and Apochrysinae and thus is difficult to place in either subfamily. In order to clarify the phylogenetic status of Nothancyla, we sequenced and annotated the nearly complete mitochondrial genomes of Nothancyla verreauxi Navás and Nothochrysa californica Banks (Nothochrysinae), supplementing previously sequenced mitochondrial genomes of Apochrysinae and Chrysopinae. Phylogenomic analyses were carried out based on the 13 mitochondrial protein coding genes, two rRNA genes and 21 tRNA genes using Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods. Our analyses confirmed the placement of Apochrysinae as sister to the rest of Chrysopidae and placed Nothancyla as sister group to the Chrysopinae genera included here but not in Apochrysinae. Based on these results, we confidently place Nothancyla in the subfamily Chrysopinae. The divergence time estimation suggested that the end of Cretaceous is a crucial period for the early diversification of the modern green lacewing subfamilies.
ISSN:2052-174X
2052-1758
DOI:10.1111/aen.12220