Determining shallow aquifer vulnerability by the DRASTIC model and hydrochemistry in granitic terrain, southern India

Shallow aquifer vulnerability has been assessed using GIS-based DRASTIC model by incorporating the major geological and hydrogeological factors that affect and control the groundwater contamination in a granitic terrain. It provides a relative indication of aquifer vulnerability to the contamination...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Earth System Science 2017-08, Vol.126 (6), p.89, Article 89
Main Authors: Mondal, N C, Adike, S, Singh, V S, Ahmed, S, Jayakumar, K V
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquifers
Contamination
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Geochemistry
Geographic information systems
Geographical information systems
Geology
Groundwater
Groundwater pollution
Hydrochemistry
Hydrogeology
Hydrology
Pollution control
Probability theory
Ratios
Space Exploration and Astronautics
Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics
Terrain
Total dissolved solids
Vulnerability
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Summary:Shallow aquifer vulnerability has been assessed using GIS-based DRASTIC model by incorporating the major geological and hydrogeological factors that affect and control the groundwater contamination in a granitic terrain. It provides a relative indication of aquifer vulnerability to the contamination. Further, it has been cross-verified with hydrochemical signatures such as total dissolved solids (TDS), Cl - , HCO 3 - , SO 4 2 - and Cl - / HCO 3 - molar ratios. The results show four zones of aquifer vulnerability (i.e., negligible, low, moderate and high) based on the variation of DRASTIC Vulnerability Index (DVI) between 39 and 132. About 57% area in the central part is found moderately and highly contaminated due to the 80 functional tannery disposals and is more prone to groundwater aquifer vulnerability. The high range values of TDS (2304–39,100 mg/l); Na + (239– 6,046 mg/l) and Cl - (532–13,652 mg/l) are well correlated with the observed high vulnerable zones. The values of Cl - / HCO 3 - (molar ratios: 1.4–106.8) in the high vulnerable zone obviously indicate deterioration of the aquifer due to contamination. Further cumulative probability distributions of these parameters indicate several threshold values which are able to demarcate the diverse vulnerability zones in granitic terrain.
ISSN:0253-4126
0973-774X
DOI:10.1007/s12040-017-0870-7