Nearshore mixing and nutrient delivery along the western Antarctic Peninsula

The surface waters of the Southern Ocean play a key role in the global climate and carbon cycles by promoting growth of some of the world’s largest phytoplankton blooms. Several studies have emphasized the importance of glacial and sediment inputs of Fe that fuel the primary production of the Fe-lim...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antarctic science 2017-10, Vol.29 (5), p.397-409
Main Authors: Corbett, D. Reide, Crenshaw, Jared, Null, Kimberly, Peterson, Richard N., Peterson, Leigha E., Lyons, W. Berry
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological Sciences
Blooms
Carbon cycle
Chemical analysis
Climate
Climate change
Coastal waters
Coasts
Dynamics
Ecosystems
Fertility
Fjords
Freshwater
Global climate
Groundwater
Groundwater discharge
Growth
Inland water environment
Interactions
Iron
Meltwater
Mineral nutrients
Nutrients
Oceans
Offshore
Phytoplankton
Plankton
Primary production
Radon isotopes
Salinity
Science
Seasons
Seawater
Streams
Studies
Surface water
Temperature
Tracers
Transport
Water analysis
Water column
Water masses
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Summary:The surface waters of the Southern Ocean play a key role in the global climate and carbon cycles by promoting growth of some of the world’s largest phytoplankton blooms. Several studies have emphasized the importance of glacial and sediment inputs of Fe that fuel the primary production of the Fe-limited Southern Ocean. Although the fertile surface waters along the shelf of the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) are influenced by large inputs of freshwater, this freshwater may take multiple pathways (e.g. calving, streams, groundwater discharge) with different degrees of water-rock interactions leading to variable Fe flux to coastal waters. During the summers of 2012–13 and 2013–14, seawater samples were collected along the WAP, near Anvers Island, to observe water column dynamics in nearshore and offshore waters. Tracers (223,224Ra, 222Rn, 18O, 2H) were used to evaluate the source and transport of water and nutrients in coastal fjords and across the shelf. Coastal waters are compared across two field seasons, with increased freshwater observed during 2014. Horizontal mixing rates of water masses along the WAP ranged from 110–3600 m2 s-1. These mixing rates suggest a rapid transport mechanism for moving meltwater offshore.
ISSN:0954-1020
1365-2079
DOI:10.1017/S095410201700013X