Experimental study on organic Rankine cycle utilizing R245fa, R123 and their mixtures to investigate the maximum power generation from low-grade heat

• Published in: Energy (Oxford) 2017-08, Vol.133, p.636-651
• Main Authors: Pang, Kuo-Cheng, Chen, Shih-Chi, Hung, Tzu-Chen, Feng, Yong-Qiang, Yang, Shih-Cheng, Wong, Kin-Wah, Lin, Jaw-Ren
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Electric power; Electric power generation; Electricity generation; Energy efficiency; Flow rates; Flow velocity; Fluid flow; Fluids; Heat; Heat recovery; Heat recovery systems; Industrial wastes; Low temperature; Mass flow rate; Mixture working fluids; Net power output; Organic Rankine cycle; Rankine cycle; Superheating; Temperature effects; Waste heat; Waste heat recovery; Working fluids
• ISSN: 0360-5442; 1873-6785
• DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.05.128

The main purpose of this paper is experimentally comparing of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system, by using R245fa, R123 and their mixtures to generate maximum net power on simulated low-temperature industrial waste heat. Four mass fractions of R245fa:R123 have been injected into the system with the ratios of 1:0, 2:1, 1:2 and 0:1 to test the system performance separately. To imitate industrial low-temperature waste heat, the heat source temperature is fixed at 110 °C and 120 °C with specified mass flow rate of heat source. Focusing on the change of mass flow rate of working fluid and expander inlet superheating, experiment results show that the system heat input increases when mass flow rate of working fluid increases. All four mass fractions of working fluids generate maximum net power when the system mass flow rate is around 0.15 kg/s. The case of pure R245fa generates a maximum net power 1.56 kW with an electrical efficiency of about 3.9% when heat source temperature is fixed at 110 °C. While, the case of mixture R245fa:R123 = 2:1 generates a maximum net power 1.66 kW with an electrical efficiency of about 4.4% when heat source temperature input is fixed at 120 °C. •Experimental study of an organic Rankine cycle using R245fa, R123 and their mixtures is presented.•Feasibility scenario has been set up to simulate the waste heat source condition.•Pressure difference is a key factor to illustrate the net power and system efficiency.•Maximum electrical power and generation efficiency are 1.66 kW and 4.4%, respectively.