Segregation of granular materials in bounded heap flow: A review

Heap formation occurs widely in industry when particulate materials are filled into vessels such as hoppers, silos, bulk bags and bins. If the bulk materials are composed of particles with different size, shape, material density or surface properties, they tend to segregate spatially during heap for...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Powder technology 2017-05, Vol.312, p.67-88
Main Authors: Fan, Yi, Jacob, Karl V., Freireich, Ben, Lueptow, Richard M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bins
Bulk density
Composition
Computer applications
Continuum modeling
Granular materials
Granular segregation
Heap flow
Hoppers
Inhomogeneity
Prediction models
Product quality
Segregation
Silos
Studies
Surface properties
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Summary:Heap formation occurs widely in industry when particulate materials are filled into vessels such as hoppers, silos, bulk bags and bins. If the bulk materials are composed of particles with different size, shape, material density or surface properties, they tend to segregate spatially during heap formation. In most industrial settings, heap segregation is unwanted, because the inhomogeneity of the composition is detrimental for product quality and also can potentially impact subsequential processes. In this paper, we review previous efforts on understanding physical mechanisms and developing predictive models for heap segregation in the past a few decades. We also aim to provide a general picture of what have been learned from previous experimental, computational, and theoretical work and what are still missing for understanding and predicting heap segregation. [Display omitted] •Reviewed two different flow regimes of bounded heap flow•Reviewed three final segregation configurations and associated driving mechanisms•Reviewed three continuum models for heap segregation•Discussed future research directions
ISSN:0032-5910
1873-328X
DOI:10.1016/j.powtec.2017.02.026