Suicidal behavior in borderline personality disorder: prevalence, risk factors, prediction, and prevention

Suicidal behavior is frequent in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD); at least three-quarters of these patients attempt suicide and approximately 10% eventually complete suicide. Borderline patients at greatest risk for suicidal behavior include those with prior attempts, comorbid ma...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of personality disorders 2004-06, Vol.18 (3), p.226-239
Main Authors: Black, Donald W, Blum, Nancee, Pfohl, Bruce, Hale, Nancy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antisocial Personality Disorder - complications
Antisocial Personality Disorder - epidemiology
Antisocial Personality Disorder - psychology
Borderline Personality Disorder - complications
Borderline Personality Disorder - epidemiology
Borderline Personality Disorder - psychology
Comorbidity
Depressive Disorder - complications
Depressive Disorder - epidemiology
Depressive Disorder - psychology
Family Relations
Humans
Life Change Events
Mental Health Programs
Mood Disorders - complications
Mood Disorders - epidemiology
Mood Disorders - psychology
Personality
Personality disorders
Personality Problems
Physicians
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Schizophrenia
Self destructive behavior
Substance-Related Disorders - complications
Substance-Related Disorders - epidemiology
Substance-Related Disorders - psychology
Suicide
Suicide, Attempted - prevention & control
Suicide, Attempted - psychology
Suicides & suicide attempts
United States - epidemiology
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Summary:Suicidal behavior is frequent in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD); at least three-quarters of these patients attempt suicide and approximately 10% eventually complete suicide. Borderline patients at greatest risk for suicidal behavior include those with prior attempts, comorbid major depressive disorder, or a substance use disorder. Comorbidity with major depression serves to increase both the number and seriousness of the suicide attempts. Hopelessness and impulsivity independently increase the risk of suicidal behavior, as does a turbulent early life and the presence of antisocial traits. In summary, because BPD is frequently complicated by suicidal behavior, clinicians must avoid the mistake of thinking that a pattern of repeated attempts indicates little desire to die. Clinicians have an important role in preventing suicide attempts and completed suicides by understanding the risk factors.
ISSN:0885-579X
1943-2763
DOI:10.1521/pedi.18.3.226.35445