Improving surface finish and wear resistance of additive manufactured nickel-titanium by ultrasonic nano-crystal surface modification

Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys have great potential to be used as biomedical implants or devices due to their unique functional properties (i.e., shape memory properties and superelastic behavior). The machining difficulty associated with NiTi alloys is impeding their wide application. Additive manuf...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials processing technology 2017-11, Vol.249, p.433-440
Main Authors: Ma, Chi, Andani, Mohsen Taheri, Qin, Haifeng, Moghaddam, Narges Shayesteh, Ibrahim, Hamdy, Jahadakbar, Ahmadreza, Amerinatanzi, Amirhesam, Ren, Zhencheng, Zhang, Hao, Doll, Gary L., Dong, Yalin, Elahinia, Mohammad, Ye, Chang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Additive manufacturing
Alloying additive
Biocompatibility
Burnishing
Corrosion resistance
Corrosive wear
Intermetallic compounds
Laser beam melting
Machining
Nanocrystals
Nickel alloys
Nickel base alloys
Nickel compounds
Nickel titanides
NiTi
Plastic deformation
Porosity
Shape memory alloys
Superelasticity
Surface finish
Surface layers
Surgical implants
Synergistic effect
Titanium alloys
Titanium base alloys
Titanium compounds
Ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification
Wear resistance
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Summary:Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys have great potential to be used as biomedical implants or devices due to their unique functional properties (i.e., shape memory properties and superelastic behavior). The machining difficulty associated with NiTi alloys is impeding their wide application. Additive manufacturing (AM), however, provides an alternative method to manufacture NiTi structures. One major concern associated with NiTi devices fabricated in this route is the potential for the release of toxic Ni ions due to the poor surface finish as well as high surface porosity. In this study, NiTi samples were produced using selective laser melting, the most common AM techniques. Then, an innovative surface processing technique, ultrasonic nano-crystal surface modification (UNSM), was used to mitigate the potential for the Ni ions release. By simultaneous ultrasonic striking and burnishing, UNSM can significantly improve surface finish and decrease surface porosity. In addition, UNSM induces plastic strain which in turn hardens the surface layer. The synergistic effect of better surface finish, lower subsurface porosity, and a hardened surface layer resulted in higher wear and corrosion resistance. It is therefore expected that UNSM can be potentially used to treat biomedical devices.
ISSN:0924-0136
1873-4774
DOI:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.06.038