Development of Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3-x Nax)O2 cathode materials by synthesizing with glycine nitrate combustion technique for Li-ion rechargeable batteries

• Published in: Ionics 2017-11, Vol.23 (11), p.3001-3011
• Main Authors: Amaraweera, T. H. N. G., Wijayasinghe, Athula, Mellander, B.-E., Dissanayake, M. A. K. L.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cathodes; Chemical synthesis; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Combustion; Condensed Matter Physics; Electrical resistivity; Electrochemical analysis; Electrochemistry; Electrode materials; Energy Storage; Glycine; Lithium; Lithium-ion batteries; Optical and Electronic Materials; Original Paper; Particle physics; Rechargeable batteries; Renewable and Green Energy; Transition metal oxides
• ISSN: 0947-7047; 1862-0760
• DOI: 10.1007/s11581-017-2098-6

Glycine nitrate combustion technique was investigated for synthesizing Li(Ni 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3- x Na x )O 2 , x  = 0–0.11 based transition metal oxide cathode materials for the rechargeable Li-ion battery (LIB) under this study. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the synthesized powder samples were well crystalline rather spherical secondary particles. These secondary particles were composed of softly agglomerated nano-scale primary particles. The room temperature electrical conductivity of these Na-doped materials was significantly higher than that of the base material (2.60 × 10 −7  S/cm). Among them, the x  = 0.04 material reported the highest electrical conductivity of 1.02 × 10 −03  S cm −1 . The half-cell assembled with cathode fabricated from Li(Ni 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 )O 2 base material showed an initial discharge capacity of 187 mA h −1  g −1 with 25 mA h −1  g −1 irreversible capacity loss and 88.47% columbic efficiency at C/5 rate with a cut-off voltage of 2.5–4.6 V at 25 °C. The electrochemical behavior of the x  = 0.04 cathode showed a comparable initial discharge capacity as of the base material but with improved capacity retention.