Genesis of the Haigou gold deposit, Jilin Province, NE China: evidence from fluid inclusions, 40Ar/39Ar geochronology and isotopes

The Haigou gold deposit is one of the largest known lode gold deposits in the Jiapigou‐Haigou gold belt of the Yanbian area of NE China. Although this area contains a significant amount of gold mineralization, identifying new resources has been problematic. Here, we present the results of a systemat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Geological journal (Chichester, England) England), 2017-11, Vol.52 (6), p.992-1008
Main Authors: Li, Liang, Sun, Jinggui, Men, Lanjing, Chai, Peng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Area
Argon
Calcite
Carbon dioxide
Carbonates
Data
deposit genesis
Exploration
Fluid inclusions
Fluids
Genetic processes
Geochronology
Geochronometry
Geology
Gold
Haigou gold deposit
Hosts
Immiscibility
Isotopes
Jurassic
Lead
Low temperature
Metallogenesis
Mineral exploration
Mineralization
Miscibility
ore geology
ore‐forming fluid
Pyrite
Quartz
Radiometric dating
Silicification
Sodium chloride
Sulphides
Tectonics
Veins (geology)
Yanbian area
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Summary:The Haigou gold deposit is one of the largest known lode gold deposits in the Jiapigou‐Haigou gold belt of the Yanbian area of NE China. Although this area contains a significant amount of gold mineralization, identifying new resources has been problematic. Here, we present the results of a systematic study of the ore geology and fluid inclusion characteristics of deep‐seated mineralization in this area, as compiled from previous research. We use these data to determine the genetic processes that formed these deposits and outline the key criteria that should be used for future exploration. The Haigou deposit is hosted by a monzonitic granite (monzonite) with mineralization present within quartz veins. The gold mineralization is associated with silicification, and four stages of mineralization have been identified: milky quartz, pyrite‐quartz, quartz‐polymetallic sulphides and quartz‐carbonate. The second and third stages host the majority of the mineralization. Three main types of fluid inclusion are present within the deposit: CO2–H2O, aqueous and pure CO2. The early milky quartz vein stage of mineralization hosts CO2–H2O and aqueous inclusions, whereas the main stages of mineralization are associated with all three types of fluid inclusions, which are randomly distributed but are especially well developed within pyrite‐quartz veins. These stages of mineralization are also associated with clusters of CO2–H2O inclusions that coexist with large but variable amounts of aqueous phase fluid inclusions. The only fluid inclusions associated with the later stages of mineralization are aqueous inclusions within calcite‐quartz veins. Microthermometric data indicate that the inclusions associated with metallogenesis homogenize at 145–410 °C and contain medium‐ to low‐salinity fluids (
ISSN:0072-1050
1099-1034
DOI:10.1002/gj.2864