A reversible watermarking for authenticating 2D vector graphics based on bionic spider web

• Published in: Signal processing. Image communication 2017-09, Vol.57, p.134-146
• Main Authors: Lin, Zi-xing, Peng, Fei, Long, Min
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 2D vector graphics; Authentication protocols; Bionics; Computer graphics; Intersections; Reversible watermarking; Semi-blinded watermarking; Semi-fragile watermarking; Spider web; Studies; Watermarking; Webs
• ISSN: 0923-5965; 1879-2677
• DOI: 10.1016/j.image.2017.05.012

Based on the principle of predation using spider web, a novel semi-blind and semi-fragile reversible watermarking scheme for authenticating 2D vector graphics is proposed. Aiming to resolve the problem of the deficiency in robustness resulting from watermark embedding in file stream order, this scheme proposes to embed geometric correlated watermark by adding vertices for entities. Firstly, two spider webs are generated based on the convex hull of 2D vector graphics and a secret key. Secondly, let the first spider web intersect with the 2D vector graphics, and some vertices are added at the intersections. After that, let the second spider web intersect with the 2D vector graphics, and record the number of intersections between every cobweb and entities. The authentication is carried out by checking the intersection states and the number of intersections between the 2D vector graphics and two spider webs. Experimental results and analysis show that it can localize the tampers in entity with the premise that the convex hull is kept. Meanwhile, the watermarking can keep the shape of 2D vector graphics, and it is robust against translation, scaling, rotation and even entity rearrangement. It provides a novel means for the content protection of 2D vector graphics. •It is the first attempt to use bionic spider webs for data integrity authentication.•The watermark information has geometric relation with the graphics.•The authentication capability of spider web is analyzed from theory to experiments.•It is robustness against translation, scaling, rotation and entity rearrangement.