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Targeted pretransplant host lymphocyte depletion prior to T‐cell depleted reduced‐intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Summary Mixed chimaerism and graft rejection are higher after reduced‐intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation (RIST) with T‐cell depleted (TCD) allografts. As host immune status before RIST affects engraftment, we hypothesized that targeted depletion of host lymphocytes prior to RIST would ab...

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Published in:British journal of haematology 2004-09, Vol.126 (6), p.837-843
Main Authors: Bishop, Michael R., Steinberg, Seth M., Gress, Ronald E., Hardy, Nancy M., Marchigiani, Donna, Kasten‐Sportes, Claude, Dean, Robert, Pavletic, Steven Z., Gea‐Banacloche, Juan, Castro, Kathleen, Hakim, Fran, Krumlauf, Michael, Read, Elizabeth J., Carter, Charles, Leitman, Susan F., Fowler, Daniel H.
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container_issue 6
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container_title British journal of haematology
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creator Bishop, Michael R.
Steinberg, Seth M.
Gress, Ronald E.
Hardy, Nancy M.
Marchigiani, Donna
Kasten‐Sportes, Claude
Dean, Robert
Pavletic, Steven Z.
Gea‐Banacloche, Juan
Castro, Kathleen
Hakim, Fran
Krumlauf, Michael
Read, Elizabeth J.
Carter, Charles
Leitman, Susan F.
Fowler, Daniel H.
description Summary Mixed chimaerism and graft rejection are higher after reduced‐intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation (RIST) with T‐cell depleted (TCD) allografts. As host immune status before RIST affects engraftment, we hypothesized that targeted depletion of host lymphocytes prior to RIST would abrogate graft rejection and promote donor chimaerism. Lymphocyte‐depleting chemotherapy was administered at conventional doses to subjects prior to RIST with the intent of decreasing CD4+ counts to
doi_str_mv 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2004.05133.x
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As host immune status before RIST affects engraftment, we hypothesized that targeted depletion of host lymphocytes prior to RIST would abrogate graft rejection and promote donor chimaerism. Lymphocyte‐depleting chemotherapy was administered at conventional doses to subjects prior to RIST with the intent of decreasing CD4+ counts to &lt;0·05 × 109cells/l. Subjects (n = 18) then received reduced‐intensity conditioning followed by ex vivo TCD human leucocyte antigen‐matched sibling allografts. All evaluable patients (n = 17) were engrafted; there were no late graft failures. At day +28 post‐RIST, 12 patients showed complete donor chimaerism. Mixed chimaerism in the remaining five patients was associated with higher numbers of circulating host CD3+ cells (P = 0·0032) after lymphocyte‐depleting chemotherapy and was preferentially observed in T lymphoid rather than myeloid cells. Full donor chimaerism was achieved in all patients after planned donor lymphocyte infusions. These data reflect the importance of host immune status prior to RIST and suggest that targeted host lymphocyte depletion facilitates the engraftment of TCD allografts. Targeted lymphocyte depletion may permit an individualized approach to conditioning based on host immune status prior to RIST.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-1048</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2141</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2004.05133.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15352988</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BJHEAL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult ; allogeneic ; Antigens, CD34 - analysis ; Biological and medical sciences ; Breast Neoplasms - therapy ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Female ; graft rejection ; Graft Rejection - prevention &amp; control ; Graft Survival ; Graft vs Host Disease - prevention &amp; control ; Hematologic and hematopoietic diseases ; Hematology ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - methods ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Depletion - methods ; Lymphocyte Transfusion ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; reduced‐intensity ; T-Lymphocytes - immunology ; Transplantation Chimera ; Transplantation Conditioning - methods ; T‐cell depletion</subject><ispartof>British journal of haematology, 2004-09, Vol.126 (6), p.837-843</ispartof><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd. 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As host immune status before RIST affects engraftment, we hypothesized that targeted depletion of host lymphocytes prior to RIST would abrogate graft rejection and promote donor chimaerism. Lymphocyte‐depleting chemotherapy was administered at conventional doses to subjects prior to RIST with the intent of decreasing CD4+ counts to &lt;0·05 × 109cells/l. Subjects (n = 18) then received reduced‐intensity conditioning followed by ex vivo TCD human leucocyte antigen‐matched sibling allografts. All evaluable patients (n = 17) were engrafted; there were no late graft failures. At day +28 post‐RIST, 12 patients showed complete donor chimaerism. Mixed chimaerism in the remaining five patients was associated with higher numbers of circulating host CD3+ cells (P = 0·0032) after lymphocyte‐depleting chemotherapy and was preferentially observed in T lymphoid rather than myeloid cells. Full donor chimaerism was achieved in all patients after planned donor lymphocyte infusions. These data reflect the importance of host immune status prior to RIST and suggest that targeted host lymphocyte depletion facilitates the engraftment of TCD allografts. 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As host immune status before RIST affects engraftment, we hypothesized that targeted depletion of host lymphocytes prior to RIST would abrogate graft rejection and promote donor chimaerism. Lymphocyte‐depleting chemotherapy was administered at conventional doses to subjects prior to RIST with the intent of decreasing CD4+ counts to &lt;0·05 × 109cells/l. Subjects (n = 18) then received reduced‐intensity conditioning followed by ex vivo TCD human leucocyte antigen‐matched sibling allografts. All evaluable patients (n = 17) were engrafted; there were no late graft failures. At day +28 post‐RIST, 12 patients showed complete donor chimaerism. Mixed chimaerism in the remaining five patients was associated with higher numbers of circulating host CD3+ cells (P = 0·0032) after lymphocyte‐depleting chemotherapy and was preferentially observed in T lymphoid rather than myeloid cells. Full donor chimaerism was achieved in all patients after planned donor lymphocyte infusions. These data reflect the importance of host immune status prior to RIST and suggest that targeted host lymphocyte depletion facilitates the engraftment of TCD allografts. Targeted lymphocyte depletion may permit an individualized approach to conditioning based on host immune status prior to RIST.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Science Ltd</pub><pmid>15352988</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1365-2141.2004.05133.x</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
allogeneic
Antigens, CD34 - analysis
Biological and medical sciences
Breast Neoplasms - therapy
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Female
graft rejection
Graft Rejection - prevention & control
Graft Survival
Graft vs Host Disease - prevention & control
Hematologic and hematopoietic diseases
Hematology
Hematopoiesis
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - methods
Humans
Lymphocyte Depletion - methods
Lymphocyte Transfusion
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
reduced‐intensity
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Transplantation Chimera
Transplantation Conditioning - methods
T‐cell depletion
title Targeted pretransplant host lymphocyte depletion prior to T‐cell depleted reduced‐intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation
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