Sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Summary Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is usually unilateral and can be associated with tinnitus and vertigo. In most cases the cause is not identified, although various infective, vascular, and immune causes have been proposed. A careful examination is needed to exclude life threatening or treat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Lancet (British edition) 2010-04, Vol.375 (9721), p.1203-1211
Main Authors: Schreiber, Benjamin E, MRCP, Agrup, Charlotte, PhD, Haskard, Dorian O, Prof, Luxon, Linda M, Prof
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Oral
Biological and medical sciences
Biomedical research
Corticoids
Ear diseases
Ear, auditive nerve, cochleovestibular tract, facial nerve: diseases, semeiology
General aspects
Glucocorticoids - administration & dosage
Hearing loss
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural - diagnosis
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural - etiology
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural - therapy
Humans
Infections
Internal Medicine
Medical research
Medical sciences
Non tumoral diseases
Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology
Oxygen therapy
Prognosis
Studies
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Summary:Summary Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is usually unilateral and can be associated with tinnitus and vertigo. In most cases the cause is not identified, although various infective, vascular, and immune causes have been proposed. A careful examination is needed to exclude life threatening or treatable causes such as vascular events and malignant diseases, and patients should be referred urgently for further assessment. About half of patients completely recover, usually in about 2 weeks. Many treatments are used, including corticosteroids, antiviral drugs, and vasoactive and oxygen-based treatments. Although no treatment is proven, we recommend a short course of oral high-dose corticosteroids. There is much to learn about pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss, and more clinical trials are needed to establish evidence-based management.
ISSN:0140-6736
1474-547X
DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)62071-7