Sensitive Determination of 6-Thioguanine Using Caffeic Acid-functionalized Fe3O4 Nanoparticles as an Electrochemical Sensor

• Published in: Journal of electronic materials 2018-04, Vol.47 (4), p.2198-2208
• Main Authors: Amir, Md, Tunesi, Mawada M., Soomro, Razium A., Baykal, Abdülhadi, Kalwar, Nazar H.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acids; Ascorbic acid; Benzoic acid; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemical sensors; Chemistry and Materials Science; Electrochemical oxidation; Electrodes; Electronics and Microelectronics; Epinephrine; Glassy carbon; Instrumentation; Iron oxides; Materials research; Materials Science; Nanoparticles; Nicotinic acid; Norepinephrine; Optical and Electronic Materials; Oxidation; Sensitivity; Sensors; Solid State Physics; Tablets
• ISSN: 0361-5235; 1543-186X
• DOI: 10.1007/s11664-018-6076-1

The study demonstrates the potential application of caffeic acid-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (CA-Fe 3 O 4 NPs) as an effective electrode modifying material for the electrochemical oxidation of the 6-thioguanine (6-TG) drug. The functionalized Fe 3 O 4 NPs were prepared using simple wet-chemical methodology where the used caffeic acid acted simultaneously as growth controlling and functionalizing agent. The study discusses the influence of an effective functionalization on the signal sensitivity observed for the electro-oxidation of 6-TG over CA-Fe 3 O 4 NPs in comparison to a glassy carbon electrode modified with bare and nicotinic acid (NA)-functionalized Fe 3 O 4 NPs. The experiment results provided sufficient evidence to support the importance of favorable functionality to achieve higher signal sensitivity for the electro-oxidation of 6-TG. The presence of favorable interactions between the active functional moieties of caffeic acid and 6-TG synergized with the greater surface area of magnetic NPs produces a stable electro-oxidation signal within the working range of 0.01–0.23  μ M with sensitive up to 0.001  μ M. Additionally, the sensor showed the strong anti-interference potential against the common co-existing drug molecules such as benzoic acid, acetaminophen, epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucose, ascorbic acid and l -cysteine. In addition, the successful quantification of 6-TG from the commercial tablets obtained from local pharmacy further signified the practical capability of the discussed sensor.