A Social Safety Net: Developing a Model of Social-Support Figures as Prepared Safety Stimuli

Although the presence of social-support figures (e.g., close friends and family members) is known to increase feelings of safety, reduce threat responses, and improve health, the route by which these effects occur is not well understood. One explanation is that social-support figures are members of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current directions in psychological science : a journal of the American Psychological Society 2018-02, Vol.27 (1), p.25-31
Main Authors: Hornstein, Erica A., Eisenberger, Naomi I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Safety
Social psychology
Social support
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Summary:Although the presence of social-support figures (e.g., close friends and family members) is known to increase feelings of safety, reduce threat responses, and improve health, the route by which these effects occur is not well understood. One explanation is that social-support figures are members of a powerful category of safety signals—prepared safety stimuli. Here, we review research demonstrating that social-support figures act as prepared safety stimuli and explore the impact that these unique safety stimuli have on fear-learning processes. According to recent work, the presence of social-support figures both reduces fear acquisition and enhances fear extinction, ultimately decreasing perceptions of threat. These findings shed light on the route by which social support buffers against threat and illustrate the unique properties of prepared safety stimuli and how they might be used to improve mental and physical health outcomes.
ISSN:0963-7214
1467-8721
DOI:10.1177/0963721417729036