Morphological characterization of durum wheat (T. durum Desf.) germplasm stored in Albanian genebank

• Published in: Albanian journal of agricultural sciences 2017-01, p.609-615
• Main Authors: Hobdari, Valbona, Bode, Doriana, Gixhari, Belul, Elezi, Fetah, Doko, Adrian
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural production; Cluster analysis; Cultivars; Food processing industry; Genetic diversity; Germplasm; Grain cultivation; Morphology; Pisum sativum; Studies; Triticum; Triticum durum; Variance analysis; Wheat
• ISSN: 2218-2020

Durum wheat is cultivated in many other countries; mostly as new crop, farmers are trying to cultivate it because of the price (generally 20% higher than the price of common wheat) and because of the need to rotate [18].Even though many studies demonstrated the worth of the genetic diversity held in gene banks in the whole Turgidum subsp, especially in the wild and cultivated emmers, the use of this valuable diversity is not easy and may not be really successful if one expects the use of valuable alleles at some major genes, such as disease resistance [4].In Albania in 1950, about 60 names of wheat of different origins were planted [19]. The study of the Albanian base collection showed that there is a high genetic diversity of wheat cultivars [7].Study results suggest possible parental lines among the bread wheat accessions analyzed can be selected and utilised for sustainable field bread wheat breeding programs [2, 21, 1, 24, 9, 10, 17, 22].The maximum information for analysis of the relationships among bread wheat accession and morphological traits was received using ordination methods (principal coordinate's analysis) in combination with cluster analyses [13].From the study result that characters: plant height, vegetative period and average spike weight have the direct influence in the grain yield [12].The principal variables selected for evaluation of ex situ collections in genebank [3] Materials and methods Plant Materials: In this study, we used durum wheat (Triticum durum L.), 100 accessions by base collection of Albanian Gene Bank, conserved during 2001-2003. The maximum information for analysis of the relationships among durum wheat accession and morphological traits was received using ordination methods (principal coordinate's analysis) in combination with cluster analyses [13] ( PCA on correlations identified the total variance of the principal components (PC) and the proportion of the variances explained by each factor. Conclusions * The field trials accomplished in this study permitted the assessment of the most important agronomical traits and determined the patterns of variation of Albanian durum wheat germplasm with potential for sustainable their future breeding programs. * PCA results showed the first five PCs account for a substantial proportion of total variation, 67.61%.