Sickness and disability policies: Reform paths in OECD countries between 1990 and 2014

We analysed sickness and disability policies for the working‐age population in a number of OECD countries, between the years 1990 and 2014. Existing evidence suggests that there has been a broad shift in focus from passive income maintenance to employment incentives and reintegration policies. We ha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of social welfare 2018-04, Vol.27 (2), p.168-185
Main Authors: Böheim, René, Leoni, Thomas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Compensation
compensatory measures
Disability
Disability insurance
disability policy
Employment
Illnesses
Incentives
Income
labour market integration
model‐based clustering
Multiculturalism & pluralism
OECD
Physical disabilities
Protection
Reforms
social policy reforms
Social protection
Welfare state
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Summary:We analysed sickness and disability policies for the working‐age population in a number of OECD countries, between the years 1990 and 2014. Existing evidence suggests that there has been a broad shift in focus from passive income maintenance to employment incentives and reintegration policies. We have updated detailed policy scores provided by the OECD to estimate model‐based country clusters. Our results indicate that countries have pursued different types of reforms consisting of a combination of integration and compensation measures. The reforms of recent decades have led to the emergence of a distinct cluster of Northern and Continental European countries characterised by a combination of strong employment‐oriented policies and comparatively high social protection levels. An analysis of recent reforms shows a continued expansion of measures that foster employment as well as instances of retrenchment in the compensation dimension. Diversity of policy settings across country groups, however, remains substantial.
ISSN:1369-6866
1468-2397
DOI:10.1111/ijsw.12295