Anomalous Alpine fans: from the genesis to the present hazard

The present paper aims at characterising Alpine anomalous basin-fan systems, in order to develop a method for hazard assessment for such fans. The review of previous studies revealed that anomalous basin-fan systems are often associated with deep-seated slope failure and present-day hazard is associ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Landslides 2018-04, Vol.15 (4), p.683-694
Main Authors: De Finis, E., Gattinoni, P., Marchi, L., Scesi, L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
Basins
Civil Engineering
Computer simulation
Debris flow
Deep-sea fans
Detritus
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Entrainment
Geography
Hazard assessment
Landslides & mudslides
Mathematical models
Modelling
Morphology
Natural Hazards
Numerical models
Original Paper
Parameter sensitivity
Sensitivity analysis
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Summary:The present paper aims at characterising Alpine anomalous basin-fan systems, in order to develop a method for hazard assessment for such fans. The review of previous studies revealed that anomalous basin-fan systems are often associated with deep-seated slope failure and present-day hazard is associated to debris flow occurrence. Taking into account these peculiarities, a modelling approach to assess the present day hazard in anomalous fans has been developed and applied to the Sernio fan (Valtellina, northern Italy). Debris flow inundation areas have been simulated by means of a numerical model (RApid Mass MovementS (RAMMS) debris flow), which includes a routine for the sediment entrainment. The range of the model parameters was defined based on previous studies, enabling a sensitivity analysis on the debris flow runout, as well as the flow height and velocity. Numerical results point out the paramount importance of entrainment phenomena on debris flow dynamic in anomalous systems, especially with reference to the bulking factor and debris yield rate that reach very high values, typical of basins with unlimited solid supply.
ISSN:1612-510X
1612-5118
DOI:10.1007/s10346-017-0894-8