“The laughing third man in a fight”: Stalin's use of the wedge strategy

Although much IR theory focuses on balancing, this paper examines a version of the wedge strategy, what Stalin allegedly called being “the laughing third man in a fight.” This is the practice of advancing one's goals by setting up other states to fight each other. The first case study is Soviet...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Communist and post-communist studies 2017-03, Vol.50 (1), p.15-27
Main Author: Hager, Robert P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Balancing
Case studies
Communism
Communist parties
Goal setting
Ideology
International relations
Realpolitik
Stalin
Stalin, Joseph Vissarionovich (1879-1953)
War
Wedge strategy
World War II
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Summary:Although much IR theory focuses on balancing, this paper examines a version of the wedge strategy, what Stalin allegedly called being “the laughing third man in a fight.” This is the practice of advancing one's goals by setting up other states to fight each other. The first case study is Soviet strategy in Europe from September 1939 until June 1941. The second is Soviet strategy in the Far East in 1941–45. What I am looking at here is a policy of deliberately encouraging the start of a war and/or aiding its prolongation in order to weaken both sides. The two case studies indicate that the Soviet Union used such a strategy at times in place of the usual forms of balancing, discussed in the international relations literature. Additionally, analysis of Moscow's conduct, statements by Soviet leaders, and the policies of a number of foreign communist parties indicate that, in addition to any security goals, Stalin's agenda included furthering the USSR's goal as a revolutionary state, even thought this had at times to be constrained by realpolitik.
ISSN:0967-067X
1873-6920
DOI:10.1016/j.postcomstud.2016.11.002