From phytoremediation of soil contaminants to phytomanagement of ecosystem services in metal contaminated sites

Since the emergence of phytoremediation, much research has focused on its development for (i) the removal of metals from soil and/or (ii) the reduction of metal bioavailability, mobility, and ecotoxicity in soil. Here, we review the lights and shades of the two main strategies (i.e., phytoextraction...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of phytoremediation 2018-03, Vol.20 (4), p.384-397
Main Authors: Burges, Aritz, Alkorta, Itziar, Epelde, Lur, Garbisu, Carlos
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bioavailability
Biodegradation, Environmental
Carbon cycle
Carbon sequestration
Contaminants
Contamination
Ecosystem
Ecosystem services
Ecosystems
Erosion control
Fertility
Metals
Nutrient cycles
Nutrient flow
Phytoremediation
Purification
Reduction (metal working)
Restoration
Sediment pollution
Shades
Soil
Soil contaminants
Soil contamination
Soil management
Soil Pollutants - analysis
Soil pollution
Soils
Water flow
Water purification
Water treatment
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Summary:Since the emergence of phytoremediation, much research has focused on its development for (i) the removal of metals from soil and/or (ii) the reduction of metal bioavailability, mobility, and ecotoxicity in soil. Here, we review the lights and shades of the two main strategies (i.e., phytoextraction and phytostabilization) currently used for the phytoremediation of metal contaminated soils, irrespective of the level of such contamination. Both strategies face limitations to become successful at commercial scale and, then, often generate skepticism regarding their usefulness. Recent innovative approaches and paradigms are gradually establishing these phytoremediation strategies as suitable options for the management of metal contaminated soils. The combination of these phytotechnologies with a sustainable and profitable site use (a strategy called phytomanagement) grants value to the many benefits that can be obtained during the phytoremediation of metal contaminated sites, such as, for instance, the restoration of important ecosystem services, e.g. nutrient cycling, carbon storage, water flow regulation, erosion control, water purification, fertility maintenance, etc.
ISSN:1522-6514
1549-7879
DOI:10.1080/15226514.2017.1365340