Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor by 3D Biocompatible Polymeric Scaffolds for Neural Tissue Engineering and Neuronal Regeneration

• Published in: Molecular neurobiology 2018-12, Vol.55 (12), p.8788-8798
• Main Authors: Limongi, T., Rocchi, A., Cesca, F., Tan, H., Miele, E., Giugni, A., Orlando, M., Perrone Donnorso, M., Perozziello, G., Benfenati, Fabio, Di Fabrizio, Enzo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Astrocytes - cytology; Astrocytes - ultrastructure; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Biological activity; Biomarkers - metabolism; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Biopolymers; Brain; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - administration & dosage; Cell Adhesion; Cell Biology; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Controlled release; Distension; Drug delivery; Drug Delivery Systems; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases - metabolism; Fabrication; Incubation; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Regeneration; Nerve Tissue - physiology; Nervous system; Neurobiology; Neurology; Neurons - cytology; Neurons - ultrastructure; Neurosciences; Polyesters - chemistry; Polymers; Polymers - chemistry; Prosthetics; Regeneration; Regrowth; Signal Transduction; Synapses - metabolism; Synaptic density; Tissue engineering; Tissue Engineering - methods; Tissue Scaffolds - chemistry
• ISSN: 0893-7648; 1559-1182
• DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1022-z

Biopolymers are increasingly employed for neuroscience applications as scaffolds to drive and promote neural regrowth, thanks to their ability to mediate the upload and subsequent release of active molecules and drugs. Synthetic degradable polymers are characterized by different responses ranging from tunable distension or shrinkage to total dissolution, depending on the function they are designed for. In this paper we present a biocompatible microfabricated poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) scaffold for primary neuron growth and maturation that has been optimized for the in vitro controlled release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We demonstrate that the designed morphology confers to these devices an enhanced drug delivery capability with respect to monolithic unstructured supports. After incubation with BDNF, micropillared PCL devices progressively release the neurotrophin over 21 days in vitro. Moreover, the bioactivity of released BDNF is confirmed using primary neuronal cultures, where it mediates a consistent activation of BDNF signaling cascades, increased synaptic density, and neuronal survival. These results provide the proof-of-principle on the fabrication process of micropatterned PCL devices, which represent a promising therapeutic option to enhance neuronal regeneration after lesion and for neural tissue engineering and prosthetics.