Encapsulation challenges, the substantial issue in solid lipid nanoparticles characterization

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), as alternative colloidal carriers, have been used for the sustained release of lipophilic drugs with poor water solubility. One of the most important parameters in the characterization of SLNs is entrapment efficiency (EE). Despite the importance of this factor in e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of cellular biochemistry 2018-06, Vol.119 (6), p.4251-4264
Main Authors: Daneshmand, Sara, Golmohammadzadeh, Shiva, Jaafari, Mahmoud R., Movaffagh, Jebrail, Rezaee, Mehdi, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Malaekeh‐Nikouei, Bizhan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Controlled release
Drug delivery
drug loading
drug solubility
Drugs
Encapsulation
Entrapment
entrapment efficiency
Lipids
Lipophilic
Mathematical analysis
Measurement methods
Nanoparticles
particle size
solid lipid nanoparticles
Solubility
Sustained release
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Summary:Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), as alternative colloidal carriers, have been used for the sustained release of lipophilic drugs with poor water solubility. One of the most important parameters in the characterization of SLNs is entrapment efficiency (EE). Despite the importance of this factor in estimating the drug loading capacity, EE does not always represent the exact percentage of the entrapped drug. Several variables such as the stirring speed and duration, and concentration of surfactant, emulsifier, and drug play important roles in determining the final EE. In addition, EE is mainly affected by the type and concentration of the lipid. There are two major methods for the measurement of EE are in which the encapsulated drug in SLNs is either directly measured (direct method) or the amount of unencapsulated drug in the supernatant is measured (indirect method). Accuracy of drug analysis is the main challenge for EE calculation, and is either performed in the separated aqueous medium or the particles. In this review, we aimed to introduce the available methods for EE determination in SLNs and discuss the advantages and shortcomings of each method. In this review, we aimed to introduce the available methods for EE determination in SLNs and discuss the advantages and shortcomings of each method.
ISSN:0730-2312
1097-4644
DOI:10.1002/jcb.26617