Disaster risk, climate change, and poverty: assessing the global exposure of poor people to floods and droughts

People living in poverty are particularly vulnerable to shocks, including those caused by natural disasters such as floods and droughts. This paper analyses household survey data and hydrological riverine flood and drought data for 52 countries to find out whether poor people are disproportionally e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environment and development economics 2018-06, Vol.23 (3), p.328-348
Main Authors: Winsemius, Hessel C., Jongman, Brenden, Veldkamp, Ted I.E., Hallegatte, Stephane, Bangalore, Mook, Ward, Philip J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Climate change
Data processing
Development economics
Development policy
Disaster risk
Disasters
Drought
Exposure
Floods
Households
Housing prices
Hydrology
Land
Land use
Natural disasters
Poverty
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Risk
Studies
Urban areas
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Summary:People living in poverty are particularly vulnerable to shocks, including those caused by natural disasters such as floods and droughts. This paper analyses household survey data and hydrological riverine flood and drought data for 52 countries to find out whether poor people are disproportionally exposed to floods and droughts, and how this exposure may change in a future climate. We find that poor people are often disproportionally exposed to droughts and floods, particularly in urban areas. This pattern does not change significantly under future climate scenarios, although the absolute number of people potentially exposed to floods or droughts can increase or decrease significantly, depending on the scenario and region. In particular, many countries in Africa show a disproportionally high exposure of poor people to floods and droughts. For these hotspots, implementing risk-sensitive land-use and development policies that protect poor people should be a priority.
ISSN:1355-770X
1469-4395
DOI:10.1017/S1355770X17000444