Groundwater Exchange Pools and Urban Water Supply Sustainability: Modeling Directed and Undirected Networks

AbstractGroundwater basins are important sources of water supply and storage for many cities. Groundwater exchange pools offer additional opportunities for utilizing these common pool resources, but their potential role in urban water management is not clear, and modeling such exchanges can be chall...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of water resources planning and management 2018-08, Vol.144 (8)
Main Authors: Porse, Erik, Mika, Kathryn B, Williams, Rhianna, Gold, Mark, Blomquist, William, Pincetl, Stephanie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical methods
Basins
Embedding
Exchanging
Groundwater
Groundwater basins
Imported water
Interbasin transfers
Linear programming
Modelling
Policies
Pools
Resource management
Resources
Shortages
Storage
Sustainability
Systems analysis
Technical Papers
Urban areas
Water management
Water resources
Water resources management
Water shortages
Water supply
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Summary:AbstractGroundwater basins are important sources of water supply and storage for many cities. Groundwater exchange pools offer additional opportunities for utilizing these common pool resources, but their potential role in urban water management is not clear, and modeling such exchanges can be challenging. This paper presents an analysis of the potential for groundwater basin exchange pools to contribute to urban water supply sustainability. Building on an existing model of urban water management in Los Angeles, the analysis assesses the potential for groundwater exchange pools to reduce scarcity and demonstrates a method for modeling two-way (undirected) flows within a directed-network model using linear programming. Results indicate that exchange pools can help alleviate shortages from operational changes (reduced imported water) in Los Angeles, but providing more parties with access to storage improves their effectiveness. Exchange pools could potentially provide 6–12% of total supplies and reduce shortages as much as 86%. Considerations for organizing exchange pools are discussed to explore policy implications for managing common pool resources. The analytical method for embedding undirected network flows within a larger directed-network model has wide applicability for water resource systems analysis applications, including modeling water markets and interbasin transfers.
ISSN:0733-9496
1943-5452
DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000949