Synthesis, structure, and properties of bisphenol A formaldehyde sol—precursor of low-density aerogel

Low-density organic aerogels (down to 11–12 mg/cm 3 ) were successively synthesized by polycondensation of formaldehyde with bisphenol A (2,2-diphenylolpropane or BPhA) methylol derivatives by the thermal treatment under basic conditions. In this paper, the main features of bisphenol A-formaldehyde...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Colloid and polymer science 2018-08, Vol.296 (8), p.1313-1322
Main Authors: Sheveleva, Elena Evgenievna, Pimenov, V. G., Blagodatskikh, I. V., Vyshivannaya, O. V., Abramchuk, S. S., Sakharov, A. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerogels
Bisphenol A
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Clusters
Complex Fluids and Microfluidics
Crosslinking
Density
Dynamic structural analysis
Food Science
Formaldehyde
Fractals
Heat treatment
Hydrogels
Molecular chains
Molecular weight distribution
Nanotechnology and Microengineering
Original Contribution
Physical Chemistry
Polymer Sciences
Scanning electron microscopy
Size exclusion chromatography
Soft and Granular Matter
Transmission electron microscopy
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Summary:Low-density organic aerogels (down to 11–12 mg/cm 3 ) were successively synthesized by polycondensation of formaldehyde with bisphenol A (2,2-diphenylolpropane or BPhA) methylol derivatives by the thermal treatment under basic conditions. In this paper, the main features of bisphenol A-formaldehyde (BF) sol and hydrogel formation have been examined for the first time. The molecular weight distribution both of the initial resin and the soluble products of its thermal processing were studied by size exclusion chromatography. A detailed study of the structure of sols and the dynamics of its change was carried out by dynamic and static light scattering and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results obtained allowed to describe the process of gel formation as a diffusion-limited cluster-cluster fractal aggregation of sol nanoparticles formed during the polycondensation. Crosslinking of low-density fractal aggregates leads to the formation of a macro-porous structure with a high pore volume and, ultimately, to a low-density aerogel.
ISSN:0303-402X
1435-1536
DOI:10.1007/s00396-018-4343-6