Removal of Pb2+ from Water by Synthesized Tannin Resins from Invasive South African Trees

Contamination of water by Pb 2 + and the threat of invasive vegetation affects the quality and quantity of water accessible to all life forms and has become a primary concern to South Africa and the world at large. This paper synthesized, characterized, and evaluated the resins from tannin-rich inva...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water (Basel) 2018-05, Vol.10 (5), p.648
Main Authors: Okoli, Bamidele, Shilowa, Patience, Anyanwu, Gabriel, Modise, Johannes
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acacia decurrens
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Chelating resins
Chelation
Contamination
Coverage
Infrared analysis
Invasive plants
Lead
Particle diffusion
Physical properties
Polymers
Resins
Surface area
Surface chemistry
Thermal stability
Thermogravimetric analysis
Water pollution
Water quality
Water treatment
Wattle
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Summary:Contamination of water by Pb 2 + and the threat of invasive vegetation affects the quality and quantity of water accessible to all life forms and has become a primary concern to South Africa and the world at large. This paper synthesized, characterized, and evaluated the resins from tannin-rich invasive Acacia species as an environmentally benign Pb 2 + adsorbent. The analysis of the pore volume and surface area of the resins reveals a small pore dimension of 9 × 10−3 cc/g and large surface area (2.31-8.65 m2/g), presenting suitable physical parameters for adsorption of Pb 2 + . Langmuir model offers the best correlation data at pH 6 with maximum monolayer coverage capacity of 189.30, 105.70 and 98.82 mg/g for silver, black and green wattle tannin resins in aqueous solutions, respectively. The kinetic data suitably fits into a pseudo-second-order model, with the Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption energy (E) ≤ 7.07 KJ/mol and intra-particle diffusion model confirming an associated physisorption process within the bio-sorption system. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) data of the resins were informative of the high thermal stability and chelating functionality such as -OH and -NH2 responsible for the removal of Pb 2 + . All the resins showed good adsorption characteristics while silver wattle tannin resin has the best adsorption capacity compared to black and green wattle tannin resins. This study provides a prototype adsorbent from invasive plants for the removal of Pb 2 + in water.
ISSN:2073-4441
2073-4441
DOI:10.3390/w10050648