Production of virus free planting material through meristem culture in short day garlic cultivars Bhima Omkar and Bhima Purple

Low productivity of garlic in India has been attributed to viral infestation of planting material. In vitro techniques offer a suitable alternative; hence, standardization of protocol to raise virus free planting material through meristem culture in vitro and its multiplication was planned. Response...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of environmental biology 2018-05, Vol.39 (3), p.286-290
Main Authors: Murkute, A.A., Gawande, S.J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air flow
Alkaline phosphatase
Allium sativum
Cultivars
Culture
Cytokinins
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Garlic
In vitro methods and tests
Infestation
Multiplication & division
Plant viruses
Planting
Productivity
Standardization
Sucrose
Sugar
Sugarcane
Viruses
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Summary:Low productivity of garlic in India has been attributed to viral infestation of planting material. In vitro techniques offer a suitable alternative; hence, standardization of protocol to raise virus free planting material through meristem culture in vitro and its multiplication was planned. Response of different cytokinins viz. BAP, Kin (1 and 1.5 mgl-1) in combination with NAA (0.1, 0.5 mgľ) on basal MS medium was evaluated for inducing multiple shooting through meristem tip (0.1 - 0.3 mm) in vitro in two garlic cultivars viz. Bhima Purple and Bhima Omkar. Higher sucrose (6 to 11 %) along with cytokinins was evaluated for in vitro microbulbils induction. Viral load was tested at different stages using potyvirus specific alkaline phosphatase based direct antigen coating ELISA kit. In vitro raised microbulbils were transferred to three production cycles to get normal size garlic bulb. MS + 1 mg-1 Kin + 0.1 mg-1 NAA medium was the best performing medium for induction of multiple shooting in both the cultivars. About 70% mericlones were free from viruses in both the cultivars. Liquid medium MS + 1 mgl-1 Kin + 6% sucrose produced the highest number of microbulbils than other treatments. Normal garlic bulbs (9-12 cloves/bulb) were produced in field from in vitro raised microbulbils aftertwo cyclesofproduction in polyhouse followed by field transplanting. In vitro meristem culture is an efficient method for producing virus free planting material of garlic. Protocol for production of higher number of microbulbils in vitro has also been standardized. Using standardized protocol a normal size garlic bulbcanbe produced in three production cycles.
ISSN:0254-8704
2394-0379
DOI:10.22438/jeb/39/3/MRN-550