RELATIONSHIP AMONG BONE MINERAL DENSITY, ADIPOSITY, AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN MEXICAN WOMEN

• Published in: Annals of nutrition and metabolism 2017-10, Vol.71 (Suppl. 2), p.677
• Main Authors: Ibañez, Norma Ramos, Ivonne, Larraguivel-Ruiz Ilse, Karina, Caballero-Cabrera, Luis, Ortiz-Hernandez
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Alcoholic beverages; Biocompatibility; Bioelectricity; Biomedical materials; Body fat; Body mass index; Body size; Bone density; Bone mineral density; Calcium; Densitometers; Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; Exercise; Females; Femur; Menopause; Neck; Nutrient status; Nutritional status; Osteoporosis; Physical activity; Probability; Regression analysis; Smoke; Smoking; Sodium; Spine; Spine (lumbar); Statistical analysis; Tissues; Urban areas; Vitamin D; Women; Womens health
• ISSN: 0250-6807; 1421-9697
• DOI: 10.1159/000480486

Background and objectives: It has considered that in females low intake of calcium and physical inactivity could influence on reduction of the bone mineral density (BMD) and developing osteoporosis later. The aim of this study was to determinate the relationship between BMD and nutritional status, body fat, nutrient intake, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking in women from an urban area of Mexico. Methods: The volunteers were 201 women aged 27 to 55 years old from Mexico City and Mexico State. BMD was assessed with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (Hologic densitometer, model DiscoveryWi) in lumbar spine and femur neck. Nutritional status was evaluated with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. The percentage of body fat was obtained with bioelectrical impedance (Inbody 720). The intake of calcium, phosphorous, vitamin D and sodium was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. The time spent in moderate and vigorous physical activities daily, alcohol consumption, and smoking were also assessed by questionnaire. Results: Menopause was present in 14.7% of females. Low BMD was found in 24% of participants. It was showed a high prevalence of total adiposity (76.9%) and in abdomen (88.8%). Calcium and vitamin D intakes were deficient in most of them. The 64% did not spend enough time to moderate and vigorous physical activities. The alcohol consumption in the last 3 months was of 35.7% and 65.1% reported to smoke. Linear models of regression showed that BMI, body fat percentage, waist circumference, physical activity, and menopause were related to BMD. A high body fat percentage and frequent physical activity were associated with less probability to present low BMD. Conclusions: In a sample of Mexican urban women the adiposity and physical activity were factors related to BDM.