Typhoons, Climate Change, and Climate Injustice in the Philippines

• Published in: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies 2018-01, Vol.11 (1), p.117-139
• Main Author: Holden, William N
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Climate change; Climate Injustice; Environmental justice; Environmental Science; Political Ecology; political factors; Typhoons; Ökologie; Ökologie und Umwelt
• ISSN: 1999-253X; 2791-531X
• DOI: 10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-7

This article discusses how climate change causes an intensification of Western North Pacific typhoons and how the effects of such amplified typhoons upon the Philippines exemplify the concept of climate injustice. Using a political ecology approach, the article begins with an examination of the concepts of climate change, climate injustice, background injustice, and compound injustice. This is followed by an examination of the causes of typhoons, the vulnerability of the Philippines to typhoons, and how climate change may generate stronger typhoons. These stronger typhoons that may be produced by climate change, and the risks that they pose to the Philippines, are an example of climate injustice, while the legacy of colonial exploitation in the Philippines is an example of background injustice. The struggles faced by the Philippines in coping with climate change augmented typhoons are an example of compound injustice. The article concludes with a discussion of the reluctance of developed countries, such as Australia, Canada, and the United States, to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions notwithstanding the consequences these emissions have on countries such as the Philippines.