Up-scalable sheet-to-sheet production of high efficiency perovskite module and solar cells on 6-in. substrate using slot die coating

• Published in: Solar energy materials and solar cells 2018-07, Vol.181, p.53-59
• Main Authors: Di Giacomo, Francesco, Shanmugam, Santhosh, Fledderus, Henri, Bruijnaers, Bardo J., Verhees, Wiljan J.H., Dorenkamper, Maarten S., Veenstra, Sjoerd C., Qiu, Weiming, Gehlhaar, Robert, Merckx, Tamara, Aernouts, Tom, Andriessen, Ronn, Galagan, Yulia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air flow; Coating; Coating processes; Coatings; Energy conversion efficiency; Glass substrates; Large area; Laser ablation; Manufacturing; Modules; Perovskite; Perovskite PV module; Perovskite solar cells; Perovskites; Photovoltaic cells; Reproducibility; Scaling up; Slot die coating; Slot dies; Solar cells; Solar energy; Substrates; Titanium
• ISSN: 0927-0248; 1879-3398
• DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2017.11.010

Scalable sheet-to-sheet slot die coating processes have been demonstrated for perovskite solar cells and modules. The processes have been developed on 6in. × 6in. glass/ITO substrates for two functional layers: the perovskite photo-active layer and the Spiro-OMeTAD hole transport layer. Perovskite solar cells produced using these slot die coating processes demonstrate device performances identical to the spin coated devices. All manufactured devices illustrate a high level of reproducibility. The developed slot die coating processes were also used for the manufacturing of perovskite PV modules. Large area modules of 12.5 × 13.5cm2 were realized by slot die coating on 6in. × 6in. substrates in combination with newly developed laser ablation processes for conventional P1-P2-P3 monolithic cell interconnections. The modules demonstrate power conversion efficiencies above 10%, with a power output of 1.7W. This achievement is an important milestone in the development of up-scalable manufacturing technologies for perovskite PV modules. •Scalable sheet-to-sheet slot die coating processes have been demonstrated for perovskite solar cells and modules.•Slot die coated devices demonstrate PCEs identical to the spin coated devices.•Large area modules of 12.5 × 13.5cm2 were realized by slot die coating on 6in. × 6in. substrates.•Laser ablation processes for conventional P1-P2-P3 monolithic cell interconnections have been developed.•The modules demonstrate power conversion efficiencies above 10%, with a power output of 1.7W.