Drought hazard assessment and possible adaptation options for typical steppe grassland in Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia, China

• Published in: Theoretical and applied climatology 2019-05, Vol.136 (3-4), p.1339-1346
• Main Authors: Li, Chunlan, Wang, Jun, Yin, Shan, Bao, Yuhai, Li, Yuwei, Yu, Shan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adaptation; Analysis; Aquatic Pollution; Arid regions; Arid zones; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Atmospheric Sciences; Climate change; Climate science; Climatology; Cost analysis; Cultivation; Disaster management; Drought; Drought index; Earth and Environmental Science; Earth Sciences; Economic analysis; Emergency preparedness; Environmental degradation; Environmental risk; Evapotranspiration; Evapotranspiration-precipitation relationships; Farmers; Global climate; Global temperature changes; Grasslands; Hazard assessment; Livestock; Livestock farming; Mitigation; Monitoring systems; Natural disaster damage; Original Paper; Pastoralism; Precipitation; Precipitation (Meteorology); Precipitation anomalies; Semi arid areas; Semiarid environments; Semiarid lands; Spatial distribution; Steppes; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Weather; Weather hazards
• ISSN: 0177-798X; 1434-4483
• DOI: 10.1007/s00704-018-2563-9

Droughts cause both major financial losses to society as well as environmental damage, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, where the economy relies upon rainfed pastoralism and cultivation. Droughts are becoming increasingly frequent and intense with ongoing global climate change. Moving from a reactive to a preventative mode of drought response is the key to minimizing drought-related economic and environmental costs, and drought hazard analysis is becoming increasingly important. Xilingol League, in Inner Mongolia, consists of typical steppe and is seriously affected by drought. In this study, we conducted a drought hazard analysis based on two drought indices, the precipitation anomaly percentage (Pa) and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), using data from a series of meteorological monitoring stations from across the region. The drought hazard values were used to define zones which were divided into five levels using a natural break-point. Of the two indexes, Pa was found to be the more effective and the corresponding drought hazard map resembles the spatial distribution of precipitation, decreasing from northwest to southeast. Improving awareness of livestock farmers to drought risk is important for disaster mitigation and we propose that drought hazard-based insurance can play an important role. Finally, we propose a series of drought adaptation measures to reduce the possibility and intensity of drought, both in theory and in practice. Our results potentially provide improved insights into the drought hazard and may be helpful in developing appropriate adaptation and mitigation strategies to cope with the adverse effects of drought.