Stochastic modeling of wetland-groundwater systems

• Published in: Advances in water resources 2018-02, Vol.112, p.214-223
• Main Authors: Bertassello, Leonardo Enrico, Rao, P. Suresh C., Park, Jeryang, Jawitz, James W., Botter, Gianluca
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bathymetry; Case studies; Climatic conditions; Crossing time; Data processing; Dependence; Dynamics; Eco-hydrology; Groundwater; Hydro-period; Hydrologic data; Hydrologic regimes; Hydrology; Infiltration; Modelling; Probability density function; Probability density functions; Probability theory; Sensitivity analysis; Stochastic models; Stochasticity; Water storage; Wetlands
• ISSN: 0309-1708; 1872-9657
• DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.12.007

•Coupled temporal dynamics of wetlands and groundwater under stochastic hydroclimatic forcing are examined.•Analytical pdfs and mean crossing times are used to investigate wetland hydrologic temporal variability.•Few scaled physically-based parameters govern stage/volume temporal dynamics.•Analytical pdf models are compared with observational data from two case studies. Modeling and data analyses were used in this study to examine the temporal hydrological variability in geographically isolated wetlands (GIWs), as influenced by hydrologic connectivity to shallow groundwater, wetland bathymetry, and subject to stochastic hydro-climatic forcing. We examined the general case of GIWs coupled to shallow groundwater through exfiltration or infiltration across wetland bottom. We also examined limiting case with the wetland stage as the local expression of the shallow groundwater. We derive analytical expressions for the steady-state probability density functions (pdfs) for wetland water storage and stage using few, scaled, physically-based parameters. In addition, we analyze the hydrologic crossing time properties of wetland stage, and the dependence of the mean hydroperiod on climatic and wetland morphologic attributes. Our analyses show that it is crucial to account for shallow groundwater connectivity to fully understand the hydrologic dynamics in wetlands. The application of the model to two different case studies in Florida, jointly with a detailed sensitivity analysis, allowed us to identify the main drivers of hydrologic dynamics in GIWs under different climate and morphologic conditions.