Preadaptation and Naturalization of Nonnative Species: Darwin's Two Fundamental Insights into Species Invasion

Predicting which nonnative species become invasive is critical for their successful management, and Charles Darwin provided predictions based on species' relatedness. However, Darwin provided two opposing predictions about the relatedness of introduced nonnatives to indigenous species. First, e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of plant biology 2018-04, Vol.69 (1), p.661-684
Main Authors: Cadotte, Marc W, Campbell, Sara E, Li, Shao-peng, Sodhi, Darwin S, Mandrak, Nicholas E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological
Biological evolution
community assembly
competition
Ecosystem
exotic species
Flowers & plants
Geography
Hypotheses
Indigenous species
Introduced Species
Invasive species
Magnoliopsida - physiology
Nonnative species
pathogens
phylogeny
Plant biology
Plant ecology
Predictions
species invasion
Species Specificity
trophic interactions
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Summary:Predicting which nonnative species become invasive is critical for their successful management, and Charles Darwin provided predictions based on species' relatedness. However, Darwin provided two opposing predictions about the relatedness of introduced nonnatives to indigenous species. First, environmental fit is the dominant factor determining invader success; thus, we should expect that invasive species are closely related to local native residents. Alternatively, if competition is important, we should expect successful invaders are distantly related to the native residents. These opposing expectations are referred to as Darwin's naturalization conundrum. The results of studies that examine nonnative species relatedness to natives are largely inconsistent. This inconsistency arises from the fact that studies occur at different spatial and temporal scales, and at different stages of invasion, and so implicitly examine different mechanisms. Further, while species have evolved ecological differences, the mode and tempo of evolution can affect species' differences, complicating the predictions from simple hypotheses. We outline unanswered questions and provide guidelines for collecting the data required to test competing hypotheses.
ISSN:1543-5008
1545-2123
DOI:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042817-040339