Oxygen imaging of living cells and tissues using luminescent molecular probes

•Biological oxygen imaging using luminescent molecular probes is reviewed.•Metal complexes serve as an oxygen sensing probe for living cells and tissues.•Phosphorescence quenching mechanism of metal complexes by oxygen is discussed.•Lifetime-based measurements allow tissue oxygen imaging and hypoxic...

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Published in:Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. C, Photochemistry reviews Photochemistry reviews, 2017-03, Vol.30, p.71-95
Main Authors: Yoshihara, Toshitada, Hirakawa, Yosuke, Hosaka, Masahiro, Nangaku, Masaomi, Tobita, Seiji
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cells
Cells (biology)
Coordination compounds
Fluorescent indicators
Hypoxia
Imaging
Iridium
Luminescence
Metal complex
Metal complexes
Molecular imaging
Organic chemistry
Oxygen
Oxygen probe
Oxygen probes
Palladium
Phosphorescence
Photobiology
Platinum
Porphyrins
Probes
Quenching
Spatial resolution
Tissues
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Summary:•Biological oxygen imaging using luminescent molecular probes is reviewed.•Metal complexes serve as an oxygen sensing probe for living cells and tissues.•Phosphorescence quenching mechanism of metal complexes by oxygen is discussed.•Lifetime-based measurements allow tissue oxygen imaging and hypoxic tumor imaging. Oxygen imaging of biological cells and tissues is becoming increasingly important in cell biology and in the pathophysiology of various hypoxia-related diseases. The optical oxygen-sensing method using luminescent probes provides very useful, high spatial resolution information regarding oxygen distribution in living cells and tissues. This review focuses on recent advances in biological oxygen measurements based on the phosphorescence quenching of probe molecules by oxygen, and on hypoxia-sensitive fluorescent probes. Special attention is devoted to metal complex probes, Pt(II)- and Pd(II)-porphyrins, Ru(II) complexes, and Ir(III) complexes. Current knowledge regarding the mechanism of phosphorescence quenching of metal complexes by oxygen is described in relation to the oxygen sensitivity of the probes, and recent advances in optical oxygen probes and detection techniques for intracellular and tissue oxygen measurements are reviewed, emphasizing the usefulness of chemical modifications for improving probe properties. Tissue oxygen imaging and hypoxic tumor imaging using these metal complex probes demonstrate the vast potential of optical oxygen-sensing methods using luminescent probes.
ISSN:1389-5567
1873-2739
DOI:10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.01.001