A First Comparison of Kepler Planet Candidates in Single and Multiple Systems

• Published in: arXiv.org 2011-03
• Main Authors: Latham, David W, Rowe, Jason F, Quinn, Samuel N, Batalha, Natalie M, Borucki, William J, Brown, Timothy M, Bryson, Stephen T, Buchhave, Lars A, Caldwell, Douglas A, Carter, Joshua A, Christiansen, Jesse L, Ciardi, David R, Cochran, William D, Dunham, Edward W, Fabrycky, Daniel C, d, Eric B, Gautier, Thomas N, Gilliland, Ronald L, Holman, Matthew J, Howell, Steve B, Ibrahim, Khadeejah A, Isaacson, Howard, Basri, Gibor, Furesz, Gabor, Geary, John C, Jenkins, Jon M, Koch, David G, Lissauer, Jack J, Marcy, Geoffrey W, Quintana, Elisa V, Ragozzine, Darin, Sasselov, Dimitar D, Shporer, Avi, Steffen, Jason H, Welsh, William F, Wohler, Bill
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Candidates; Extrasolar planets; Jupiter; Planet detection; Planet formation; Planets; Transit
• ISSN: 2331-8422
• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1103.3896

In this letter we present an overview of the rich population of systems with multiple candidate transiting planets found in the first four months of Kepler data. The census of multiples includes 115 targets that show 2 candidate planets, 45 with 3, 8 with 4, and 1 each with 5 and 6, for a total of 170 systems with 408 candidates. When compared to the 827 systems with only one candidate, the multiples account for 17 percent of the total number of systems, and a third of all the planet candidates. We compare the characteristics of candidates found in multiples with those found in singles. False positives due to eclipsing binaries are much less common for the multiples, as expected. Singles and multiples are both dominated by planets smaller than Neptune; 69 +2/-3 percent for singles and 86 +2/-5 percent for multiples. This result, that systems with multiple transiting planets are less likely to include a transiting giant planet, suggests that close-in giant planets tend to disrupt the orbital inclinations of small planets in flat systems, or maybe even to prevent the formation of such systems in the first place.