RDF-powered semantic video annotation tools with concept mapping to Linked Data for next-generation video indexing: a comprehensive review

Video annotation tools are often compared in the literature, however, most reviews mix unstructured, semi-structured, and the very few structured annotation software. This paper is a comprehensive review of video annotations tools generating structured data output for video clips, regions of interes...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Multimedia tools and applications 2017-06, Vol.76 (12), p.14437-14460
Main Author: Sikos, Leslie F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Annotations
Computer Communication Networks
Computer Science
Concept mapping
Data Structures and Information Theory
Image annotation
Linked Data
Multimedia Information Systems
Open data
Semantics
Software
Special Purpose and Application-Based Systems
Video data
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Summary:Video annotation tools are often compared in the literature, however, most reviews mix unstructured, semi-structured, and the very few structured annotation software. This paper is a comprehensive review of video annotations tools generating structured data output for video clips, regions of interest, frames, and media fragments, with a focus on Linked Data support. The tools are compared in terms of supported input and output data formats, expressivity, annotation specificity, spatial and temporal fragmentation, the concept mapping sources used for Linked Open Data (LOD) interlinking, provenance data support, and standards alignment. Practicality and usability aspects of the user interface of these tools are highlighted. Moreover, this review distinguishes extensively researched yet discontinued semantic video annotation software from promising state-of-the-art tools that show new directions in this increasingly important field.
ISSN:1380-7501
1573-7721
DOI:10.1007/s11042-016-3705-7