State and Local Determinants of Employment Outcomes Among Individuals With Disabilities

In the United States, employment rates among individuals with disabilities are persistently low but vary substantially. In this study, we examined the relationship between employment outcomes and features of the state and county physical, economic, and policy environment among a national sample of i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of disability policy studies 2018-09, Vol.29 (2), p.119-128
Main Authors: Sevak, Purvi, O’Neill, John, Houtenville, Andrew, Brucker, Debra
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Censuses
Community Surveys
Constraints
Disability
Disability studies
Economic conditions
Employment
Income
Individual Characteristics
People with disabilities
Work
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Summary:In the United States, employment rates among individuals with disabilities are persistently low but vary substantially. In this study, we examined the relationship between employment outcomes and features of the state and county physical, economic, and policy environment among a national sample of individuals with disabilities. To do so, we merged a set of state- and county-level environmental variables with data from the 2009–2011 American Community Survey accessed in a U.S. Census Research Data Center. We estimated regression models of employment, work hours, and earnings as a function of disability, personal characteristics, and these environmental features. We found that economic conditions and physical environmental variables had stronger associations than policy variables with employment outcomes. Although the estimated importance of environmental variables was small relative to individual disability and personal characteristics, our results suggest that these variables may present barriers or facilitators to employment that can explain some geographic variation in employment outcomes across the United States.
ISSN:1044-2073
1538-4802
DOI:10.1177/1044207318782676