The Influence of Gene Polymorphysms and Genetic Markers in the Modulation of Sports Performance: A Review

Castilha FA, Ferreira HR, Oliveira G, Oliveira T, Roquetti Fernandes P, Fernandes Filho J. The Influence of Gene Polymorphysms and Genetic Markers in the Modulation of Sports Performance: A Review. JEPonline 2018;21(2):248-264. This study is a review of the influence of the R577X polymorphisms of th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of exercise physiology online 2018-04, Vol.21 (2), p.248
Main Authors: Castilha, Fabio Andre, Ferreira, Heros Ribeiro, Oliveira, Glauber, Oliveira, Talita, Fernandes, Paula Roquetti, Filho, Jose Fernandes
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Athletic ability
Genetic aspects
Genetic markers
Genetic polymorphisms
Genetic research
Health aspects
Physiological aspects
Sports sciences
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Summary:Castilha FA, Ferreira HR, Oliveira G, Oliveira T, Roquetti Fernandes P, Fernandes Filho J. The Influence of Gene Polymorphysms and Genetic Markers in the Modulation of Sports Performance: A Review. JEPonline 2018;21(2):248-264. This study is a review of the influence of the R577X polymorphisms of the ACTN3 gene, I/D of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene and dermatoglyphics in the modulation of sports performance. The focus is on presenting the two genes and their role in athletic performance that requires muscular strength and power. As to the dermatoglyphics, this study looks at the different fingerprint variables and correlates them with sport performance. The initial survey involved data from 966 articles. Sixty-two were used as the basis for this study. The findings suggest that the presence of the a-actinin-3 isoform is beneficial to strength and power sports, while its absence seems to benefit endurance athletes. Regarding the ACE activity, the studies indicate that individuals who present the D allele of the ACE show a greater genetic predisposition to gain muscle strength after a strength training season, which may be related to the improvement of neural adaptations and muscle hypertrophy. As for dermatoglyphics, it seems to be a powerful tool for understanding individual differences, potentialities, strengths and weaknesses in sport, as well as the genetic limitations that may impair or help to improve the athlete's training and performance. Key Words: ACTN3, ACE Gene, Dermatoglyphics, Sports
ISSN:1097-9751
1097-9751