Graphene oxide as flexibilizer for epoxy amine resins

• Published in: Progress in organic coatings 2018-09, Vol.122, p.280-289
• Main Authors: Wolk, Andreas, Rosenthal, Marta, Weiß, Julia, Voigt, Markus, Wesendahl, Jan-Niklas, Hartmann, Marc, Grundmeier, Guido, Wilhelm, Rene, Meschut, Gerson, Tiemann, Michael, Bremser, Wolfgang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Chemical compounds; Curing; Deformation; Differential scanning calorimetry; Drying; DSC; Ductility tests; Epoxy resins; Epoxy-amine resins; Glass transition temperature; Graphene; Graphene oxide; Heating rate; Mechanical properties; Morphology; Particulate composites; Polymer matrix composites; Polymers; Resins; Rheological measurements; Rheological properties; SEM; Specific surface; Surface area; Temperature; XPS
• ISSN: 0300-9440; 1873-331X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.05.028

•Strategies for the production of thermally reduced graphene oxide with different specific surface areas.•In situ flexibilisation of Epoxy-Amine Resins by graphene oxide.•Extensive characterization of graphene particles and graphene epoxy amine composites. Different types of reduced graphene oxide and graphene oxide particles have been studied regarding their influence on the curing behaviour of epoxy-amine resins. Especially the specific surface area of reduced graphene oxide was selectively influenced by controlled drying of the material. The different types of reduced graphene oxide particles were used to produce epoxy-amine composites that significantly change their curing behaviour and mechanical properties. A variety of surface areas and compositions were prepared by combination of a fast heating rate and different drying methods. The combination of freeze drying with a fast heating rate leads to a large specific surface area of 680 m2/g. The morphologies of the particles were observed by scanning electron microscope and the BET surface area was measured with nitrogen-physisorption. The exfoliation quality was measured by XRD. The generated graphene oxide and thermally reduced graphene oxide particles were mixed with epoxy-amine resin. The curing behaviour was studied with rheological and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. We observed that different surface functionalities lowers the Glass transition temperature and the gel time of an epoxy-amine curing system. In addition, we found that generated graphene oxide acts as flexibilizer. An increase of the deformation from 2.5 mm to 3.1 mm was measured by Erichsen Cupping Test.