Urinary NAG and GAG as Biomarkers of Renal Effects in Exposure to 2-Alkoxyalcohols and Their Acetates

Many sensitive biomarkers are available for the surveillance of the early health effects of chemicals on humans. This study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) as biomarkers of early kidney effects in exposure to 2-alkoxyethanols and their acetates. GAG were compared...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of occupational and environmental medicine 1998-07, Vol.40 (7), p.595-600
Main Authors: Laitinen, Juha, Liesivuori, Jyrki, Savolainen, Heikki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetates
Adult
Alcohols
Analysis of Variance
Biological and medical sciences
Biomarkers - urine
Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases
Chemicals
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Female
Glycosaminoglycans - urine
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Kidneys
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Occupational Exposure - analysis
Occupational hazards
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) - urine
Sensitivity and Specificity
Solvents
Toxicology
Urine
Urine - chemistry
Various organic compounds
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Summary:Many sensitive biomarkers are available for the surveillance of the early health effects of chemicals on humans. This study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) as biomarkers of early kidney effects in exposure to 2-alkoxyethanols and their acetates. GAG were compared with effects on the urinary β-N-acetylglycosaminidase activity (NAG). According to the results of the present study, the excretion rate of GAG was higher among women than men. On the other hand, the excretion rate of GAG was lower among exposed subjects than among the controls, and the level was decreased at the tested levels of exposure. The NAG activity was higher in most of the exposed groups than in the controls. The data indicated that an appropriate urinary limit value for ethoxyacetic acid was 30 mmol/mol creatinine in postshift samples and that this value corresponded to an 8-hour exposure level of 2 cm³/m³ 2-ethoxyethylacetate. Urinary butoxyacetic acid excretion of 60 mmol/mol creatinine corresponded to the inhalation exposure level of 5 cm³/m³ 2-butoxyethanol and its acetate in postshift samples.
ISSN:1076-2752
1536-5948
DOI:10.1097/00043764-199807000-00003