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Assessment of groundwater suitability for irrigation in a gold mine surrounding area, NE Iran
The Kouh-e Zar mining area with iron oxide-rich types of Cu–Au (IOCG)-type gold mineralization is located in a fractured zone between two main “Darouneh” and “Taknar” faults in 35 km northwest of Torbat-e Heydarieh. In this study, the hydrogeochemistry and water quality of groundwater were examined...
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| Published in: | Environmental earth sciences 2018-11, Vol.77 (22), p.1-12, Article 766 |
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| container_end_page | 12 |
| container_issue | 22 |
| container_start_page | 1 |
| container_title | Environmental earth sciences |
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| creator | Tahmasebi, P. Mahmudy-Gharaie, M. H. Ghassemzadeh, F. Karimi Karouyeh, A. |
| description | The Kouh-e Zar mining area with iron oxide-rich types of Cu–Au (IOCG)-type gold mineralization is located in a fractured zone between two main “Darouneh” and “Taknar” faults in 35 km northwest of Torbat-e Heydarieh. In this study, the hydrogeochemistry and water quality of groundwater were examined for irrigation uses. Totally, 11 groundwater samples were collected in semi-arid area surrounding the mine. According to the irrigation water quality indices such as sodium absorption ratio, sodium percentage, residual sodium carbonate, residual sodium bicarbonate, potential salinity, salinity index, salinity hazard, permeability index and magnesium hazard, the water resources were appraised suitable to unsuitable. Na
+
was a dominant cation and HCO
3
−
was a dominant anion in the water samples. Fortunately, SO
4
2−
content is low ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12665-018-7941-1 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2135473180</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2135473180</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-c88844bed861f8cd2448016449474861ddeeef31effb5edd924bc281d49fc5993</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kMFKAzEQhoMoWGofwFvAq6uZ3Ww2OZZStVD0okcJ2U2ypLRJTbZI397UFT05lxmG75uBH6FrIHdASHOfoGSsLgjwohEUCjhDE-CMFawU4vx35uQSzVLakFwVVIKwCXqfp2RS2hk_4GBxH8PB6081mIjTwQ2qdVs3HLENEbsYXa8GFzx2Hivch63GO-dNJuO353yPVTTqFj8v8Soqf4UurNomM_vpU_T2sHxdPBXrl8fVYr4uugrYUHScc0pbozkDyztdUsoJMEoFbWjeaW2MsRUYa9vaaC1K2nYlB02F7Wohqim6Ge_uY_g4mDTITThEn1_KEqqaNhVwkikYqS6GlKKxch_dTsWjBCJPQcoxSJmDlKcgJWSnHJ2UWd-b-Hf5f-kLLKp2Hg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2135473180</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Assessment of groundwater suitability for irrigation in a gold mine surrounding area, NE Iran</title><source>Springer Link</source><creator>Tahmasebi, P. ; Mahmudy-Gharaie, M. H. ; Ghassemzadeh, F. ; Karimi Karouyeh, A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Tahmasebi, P. ; Mahmudy-Gharaie, M. H. ; Ghassemzadeh, F. ; Karimi Karouyeh, A.</creatorcontrib><description>The Kouh-e Zar mining area with iron oxide-rich types of Cu–Au (IOCG)-type gold mineralization is located in a fractured zone between two main “Darouneh” and “Taknar” faults in 35 km northwest of Torbat-e Heydarieh. In this study, the hydrogeochemistry and water quality of groundwater were examined for irrigation uses. Totally, 11 groundwater samples were collected in semi-arid area surrounding the mine. According to the irrigation water quality indices such as sodium absorption ratio, sodium percentage, residual sodium carbonate, residual sodium bicarbonate, potential salinity, salinity index, salinity hazard, permeability index and magnesium hazard, the water resources were appraised suitable to unsuitable. Na
+
was a dominant cation and HCO
3
−
was a dominant anion in the water samples. Fortunately, SO
4
2−
content is low (< 250 mg/L) in the water samples because of low-sulfide content mineralization in this mine. Water–rock interaction was defined as the controlling process on groundwater chemistry based on the Gibbs diagram. Calculated saturation indices revealed that the anion and cations in groundwater originated from dissolution of minerals and evaporation process. In the case of dominant Ca
2+
and Mg
2+
, they were originated by dissolution of carbonate minerals such as calcite, dolomite and aragonite. Na
+
was likely originated by plagioclase weathering in the brecciated volcanic rocks. Though the sulfidic mineralization is not so high in the Kouh-e Zar area, however, considering the existence of metalogenic mineralization in the Kouh-e Zar area, there is also a risk potential of release of toxic elements into the groundwater on which further deep investigation is ongoing in the area.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1866-6280</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1866-6299</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12665-018-7941-1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Anions ; Aragonite ; Area ; Arid regions ; Bicarbonates ; Biogeosciences ; Calcite ; Calcium ; Calcium ions ; Carbonate minerals ; Carbonates ; Cations ; Copper ; Dissolution ; Dissolving ; Dolomite ; Dolostone ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth Sciences ; Environmental Science and Engineering ; Evaporation ; Fractures ; Geochemistry ; Geology ; Gold ; Groundwater ; Groundwater chemistry ; Groundwater irrigation ; Hydrogeochemistry ; Hydrology/Water Resources ; Iron ; Iron oxides ; Irrigation ; Irrigation water ; Irrigation water quality ; Magnesium ; Mineralization ; Minerals ; Organic chemistry ; Original Article ; Permeability ; Plagioclase ; Salinity ; Salinity effects ; Saturation index ; Semi arid areas ; Sodium ; Sodium bicarbonate ; Sodium carbonate ; Sulfides ; Sulphides ; Terrestrial Pollution ; Volcanic rocks ; Water analysis ; Water quality ; Water resources ; Water sampling ; Weathering</subject><ispartof>Environmental earth sciences, 2018-11, Vol.77 (22), p.1-12, Article 766</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018</rights><rights>Environmental Earth Sciences is a copyright of Springer, (2018). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-c88844bed861f8cd2448016449474861ddeeef31effb5edd924bc281d49fc5993</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-c88844bed861f8cd2448016449474861ddeeef31effb5edd924bc281d49fc5993</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tahmasebi, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mahmudy-Gharaie, M. H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghassemzadeh, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karimi Karouyeh, A.</creatorcontrib><title>Assessment of groundwater suitability for irrigation in a gold mine surrounding area, NE Iran</title><title>Environmental earth sciences</title><addtitle>Environ Earth Sci</addtitle><description>The Kouh-e Zar mining area with iron oxide-rich types of Cu–Au (IOCG)-type gold mineralization is located in a fractured zone between two main “Darouneh” and “Taknar” faults in 35 km northwest of Torbat-e Heydarieh. In this study, the hydrogeochemistry and water quality of groundwater were examined for irrigation uses. Totally, 11 groundwater samples were collected in semi-arid area surrounding the mine. According to the irrigation water quality indices such as sodium absorption ratio, sodium percentage, residual sodium carbonate, residual sodium bicarbonate, potential salinity, salinity index, salinity hazard, permeability index and magnesium hazard, the water resources were appraised suitable to unsuitable. Na
+
was a dominant cation and HCO
3
−
was a dominant anion in the water samples. Fortunately, SO
4
2−
content is low (< 250 mg/L) in the water samples because of low-sulfide content mineralization in this mine. Water–rock interaction was defined as the controlling process on groundwater chemistry based on the Gibbs diagram. Calculated saturation indices revealed that the anion and cations in groundwater originated from dissolution of minerals and evaporation process. In the case of dominant Ca
2+
and Mg
2+
, they were originated by dissolution of carbonate minerals such as calcite, dolomite and aragonite. Na
+
was likely originated by plagioclase weathering in the brecciated volcanic rocks. Though the sulfidic mineralization is not so high in the Kouh-e Zar area, however, considering the existence of metalogenic mineralization in the Kouh-e Zar area, there is also a risk potential of release of toxic elements into the groundwater on which further deep investigation is ongoing in the area.</description><subject>Anions</subject><subject>Aragonite</subject><subject>Area</subject><subject>Arid regions</subject><subject>Bicarbonates</subject><subject>Biogeosciences</subject><subject>Calcite</subject><subject>Calcium</subject><subject>Calcium ions</subject><subject>Carbonate minerals</subject><subject>Carbonates</subject><subject>Cations</subject><subject>Copper</subject><subject>Dissolution</subject><subject>Dissolving</subject><subject>Dolomite</subject><subject>Dolostone</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Environmental Science and Engineering</subject><subject>Evaporation</subject><subject>Fractures</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Gold</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Groundwater chemistry</subject><subject>Groundwater irrigation</subject><subject>Hydrogeochemistry</subject><subject>Hydrology/Water Resources</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Iron oxides</subject><subject>Irrigation</subject><subject>Irrigation water</subject><subject>Irrigation water quality</subject><subject>Magnesium</subject><subject>Mineralization</subject><subject>Minerals</subject><subject>Organic chemistry</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Permeability</subject><subject>Plagioclase</subject><subject>Salinity</subject><subject>Salinity effects</subject><subject>Saturation index</subject><subject>Semi arid areas</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Sodium bicarbonate</subject><subject>Sodium carbonate</subject><subject>Sulfides</subject><subject>Sulphides</subject><subject>Terrestrial Pollution</subject><subject>Volcanic rocks</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>Water resources</subject><subject>Water sampling</subject><subject>Weathering</subject><issn>1866-6280</issn><issn>1866-6299</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kMFKAzEQhoMoWGofwFvAq6uZ3Ww2OZZStVD0okcJ2U2ypLRJTbZI397UFT05lxmG75uBH6FrIHdASHOfoGSsLgjwohEUCjhDE-CMFawU4vx35uQSzVLakFwVVIKwCXqfp2RS2hk_4GBxH8PB6081mIjTwQ2qdVs3HLENEbsYXa8GFzx2Hivch63GO-dNJuO353yPVTTqFj8v8Soqf4UurNomM_vpU_T2sHxdPBXrl8fVYr4uugrYUHScc0pbozkDyztdUsoJMEoFbWjeaW2MsRUYa9vaaC1K2nYlB02F7Wohqim6Ge_uY_g4mDTITThEn1_KEqqaNhVwkikYqS6GlKKxch_dTsWjBCJPQcoxSJmDlKcgJWSnHJ2UWd-b-Hf5f-kLLKp2Hg</recordid><startdate>20181101</startdate><enddate>20181101</enddate><creator>Tahmasebi, P.</creator><creator>Mahmudy-Gharaie, M. H.</creator><creator>Ghassemzadeh, F.</creator><creator>Karimi Karouyeh, A.</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20181101</creationdate><title>Assessment of groundwater suitability for irrigation in a gold mine surrounding area, NE Iran</title><author>Tahmasebi, P. ; Mahmudy-Gharaie, M. H. ; Ghassemzadeh, F. ; Karimi Karouyeh, A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-c88844bed861f8cd2448016449474861ddeeef31effb5edd924bc281d49fc5993</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Anions</topic><topic>Aragonite</topic><topic>Area</topic><topic>Arid regions</topic><topic>Bicarbonates</topic><topic>Biogeosciences</topic><topic>Calcite</topic><topic>Calcium</topic><topic>Calcium ions</topic><topic>Carbonate minerals</topic><topic>Carbonates</topic><topic>Cations</topic><topic>Copper</topic><topic>Dissolution</topic><topic>Dissolving</topic><topic>Dolomite</topic><topic>Dolostone</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Environmental Science and Engineering</topic><topic>Evaporation</topic><topic>Fractures</topic><topic>Geochemistry</topic><topic>Geology</topic><topic>Gold</topic><topic>Groundwater</topic><topic>Groundwater chemistry</topic><topic>Groundwater irrigation</topic><topic>Hydrogeochemistry</topic><topic>Hydrology/Water Resources</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Iron oxides</topic><topic>Irrigation</topic><topic>Irrigation water</topic><topic>Irrigation water quality</topic><topic>Magnesium</topic><topic>Mineralization</topic><topic>Minerals</topic><topic>Organic chemistry</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Permeability</topic><topic>Plagioclase</topic><topic>Salinity</topic><topic>Salinity effects</topic><topic>Saturation index</topic><topic>Semi arid areas</topic><topic>Sodium</topic><topic>Sodium bicarbonate</topic><topic>Sodium carbonate</topic><topic>Sulfides</topic><topic>Sulphides</topic><topic>Terrestrial Pollution</topic><topic>Volcanic rocks</topic><topic>Water analysis</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><topic>Water resources</topic><topic>Water sampling</topic><topic>Weathering</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tahmasebi, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mahmudy-Gharaie, M. H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghassemzadeh, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karimi Karouyeh, A.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Environmental earth sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tahmasebi, P.</au><au>Mahmudy-Gharaie, M. H.</au><au>Ghassemzadeh, F.</au><au>Karimi Karouyeh, A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Assessment of groundwater suitability for irrigation in a gold mine surrounding area, NE Iran</atitle><jtitle>Environmental earth sciences</jtitle><stitle>Environ Earth Sci</stitle><date>2018-11-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>77</volume><issue>22</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>12</epage><pages>1-12</pages><artnum>766</artnum><issn>1866-6280</issn><eissn>1866-6299</eissn><abstract>The Kouh-e Zar mining area with iron oxide-rich types of Cu–Au (IOCG)-type gold mineralization is located in a fractured zone between two main “Darouneh” and “Taknar” faults in 35 km northwest of Torbat-e Heydarieh. In this study, the hydrogeochemistry and water quality of groundwater were examined for irrigation uses. Totally, 11 groundwater samples were collected in semi-arid area surrounding the mine. According to the irrigation water quality indices such as sodium absorption ratio, sodium percentage, residual sodium carbonate, residual sodium bicarbonate, potential salinity, salinity index, salinity hazard, permeability index and magnesium hazard, the water resources were appraised suitable to unsuitable. Na
+
was a dominant cation and HCO
3
−
was a dominant anion in the water samples. Fortunately, SO
4
2−
content is low (< 250 mg/L) in the water samples because of low-sulfide content mineralization in this mine. Water–rock interaction was defined as the controlling process on groundwater chemistry based on the Gibbs diagram. Calculated saturation indices revealed that the anion and cations in groundwater originated from dissolution of minerals and evaporation process. In the case of dominant Ca
2+
and Mg
2+
, they were originated by dissolution of carbonate minerals such as calcite, dolomite and aragonite. Na
+
was likely originated by plagioclase weathering in the brecciated volcanic rocks. Though the sulfidic mineralization is not so high in the Kouh-e Zar area, however, considering the existence of metalogenic mineralization in the Kouh-e Zar area, there is also a risk potential of release of toxic elements into the groundwater on which further deep investigation is ongoing in the area.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s12665-018-7941-1</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| issn | 1866-6280 1866-6299 |
| language | eng |
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| subjects | Anions Aragonite Area Arid regions Bicarbonates Biogeosciences Calcite Calcium Calcium ions Carbonate minerals Carbonates Cations Copper Dissolution Dissolving Dolomite Dolostone Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Environmental Science and Engineering Evaporation Fractures Geochemistry Geology Gold Groundwater Groundwater chemistry Groundwater irrigation Hydrogeochemistry Hydrology/Water Resources Iron Iron oxides Irrigation Irrigation water Irrigation water quality Magnesium Mineralization Minerals Organic chemistry Original Article Permeability Plagioclase Salinity Salinity effects Saturation index Semi arid areas Sodium Sodium bicarbonate Sodium carbonate Sulfides Sulphides Terrestrial Pollution Volcanic rocks Water analysis Water quality Water resources Water sampling Weathering |
| title | Assessment of groundwater suitability for irrigation in a gold mine surrounding area, NE Iran |
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