Integration of graphene in poly(lactic) acid by 3D printing to develop creep and wear‐resistant hierarchical nanocomposites

Polylactic acid (PLA) and graphene reinforced polylactic acid (PLA‐graphene) composites have been fabricated by three‐dimensional (3D) fused deposition modeling (FDM) printing. Indentation creep resistance was analyzed in terms of the strain‐rate sensitivity index of PLA (0.11) and PLA‐graphene (0.2...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polymer composites 2018-11, Vol.39 (11), p.3877-3888
Main Authors: Bustillos, Jenniffer, Montero, Daniela, Nautiyal, Pranjal, Loganathan, Archana, Boesl, Benjamin, Agarwal, Arvind
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3-D printers
Acid resistance
Biodegradable materials
Coefficient of friction
Creep strength
Fused deposition modeling
Graphene
Indentation
Nanocomposites
Polylactic acid
Polymers
Sensitivity analysis
Strain rate sensitivity
Three dimensional models
Three dimensional printing
Tribology
Wear resistance
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Summary:Polylactic acid (PLA) and graphene reinforced polylactic acid (PLA‐graphene) composites have been fabricated by three‐dimensional (3D) fused deposition modeling (FDM) printing. Indentation creep resistance was analyzed in terms of the strain‐rate sensitivity index of PLA (0.11) and PLA‐graphene (0.21). Enhanced creep resistance in PLA‐graphene is attributed to the restriction of the polymeric chains by graphene, caused by low strain rates identified during secondary creep. The tribological properties of PLA and PLA‐graphene composites were evaluated by ball‐on‐disk wear tests. Wear resistance was increased by a 14% in PLA‐graphene as compared to PLA. A two‐stage coefficient of friction (COF) behavior has been observed for PLA‐graphene. Initially, PLA‐graphene exhibits a 65% decrease in COF as compared to PLA. During the second stage, PLA‐graphene approached similar COF behavior and value of PLA (∼0.58). PLA‐graphene composites have shown significant improvement in creep and wear resistance demonstrating 3D printing to be a novel manufacturing route. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:3877–3888, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers
ISSN:0272-8397
1548-0569
DOI:10.1002/pc.24422