RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE RELIABILITY OF ISOMETRIC AND ISOKINETIC SHOULDER MAXIMAL MOMENT AND FLEXION/EXTENSION RATIOS IN GYMNASTS

Adaptations in the shoulder muscles may influence the quality of the performance and the risk of injuries due to overuse (Cools et al., 2007). Because of the relevance of the kinetic chain during the execution of gymnastic skills using flexionextension of the shoulder, isokinetic dynamometers provid...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science of gymnastics journal 2018-01, Vol.10 (2), p.227-244
Main Authors: Milosis, Dimitrios C, Siatras, Theophanis A, Christoulas, Kosmas I, Patikas, Dimitrios A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Exercise
Gymnastics
Medicine
Performance evaluation
Ratios
Researchers
Science
Sports medicine
Swimming
Velocity
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Summary:Adaptations in the shoulder muscles may influence the quality of the performance and the risk of injuries due to overuse (Cools et al., 2007). Because of the relevance of the kinetic chain during the execution of gymnastic skills using flexionextension of the shoulder, isokinetic dynamometers provide the ability to reproduce and evaluate these functions of the shoulder. According to literature, isokinetic concentric and eccentric movements consisted of three consecutive reciprocal shoulder contractions (extension-flexion for concentric and flexion-extension for eccentric) performed at three angular velocities; 60°/s (low), 180°/s (moderate), and 300°/s (high) (Ayala, Sainz de Baranda, De Ste Croix, & Santonja, 2013). [...]although the test for reliability of tools and protocols for the measurement of isokinetic muscle strength with correlation methods showed strong reproducibility (Perrin, 1993), it has been supported that the repeatability of these measurements is relatively poor at faster isokinetic angular velocities (Atkinson, Greeves, Reilly, & Cable, 1995). Considering the limitations of the study, such measurements could be very useful to detect important changes after interventions or deterioration over time. [...]although the balance of flexibility and strength of the rotator cuff muscles play the central role in the stability of the shoulder joint, proper balance of the muscles which act in shoulder flexion and extension as for example pectoralis major and deltoid is also necessary for the good function of the shoulder and the prevention of injury.
ISSN:1855-7171