Production of Karanja Methyl Ester from Crude Karanja Oil Using Meretrix Lyrata Synthesised Active CaO Catalyst

Active calcium oxide catalyst was synthesised from Meretrix Lyrata (M.Lyrata) following calcination-hydration-dehydration technique. The catalytic feasibility of synthesised CaO was investigated in the production of Karanja methyl ester (KME) from crude Karanja oil (CKO). KME was synthesised through...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of automotive and mechanical engineering 2018-10, Vol.15 (3), p.5683-5694
Main Authors: Harreh, D., Saleh, A. A, Reddy, A. N. R., Hamdan, S., Charyulu, K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternative energy sources
Biodiesel fuels
Calcium oxide
Catalysis
Catalysts
Catalytic activity
Chemical synthesis
Comparative studies
Crude oil
Dehydration
Diesel fuels
Esterification
Fatty acids
Feasibility
Fourier transforms
Hydration
Laboratories
Lime
Mechanical engineering
Methanol
Raw materials
Reaction time
Renewable resources
Roasting
Sulfuric acid
Transesterification
Vegetable oils
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Summary:Active calcium oxide catalyst was synthesised from Meretrix Lyrata (M.Lyrata) following calcination-hydration-dehydration technique. The catalytic feasibility of synthesised CaO was investigated in the production of Karanja methyl ester (KME) from crude Karanja oil (CKO). KME was synthesised through esterification using followed by transesterification utilising CaO in a two-step reaction process of CKO and methanol. The M.Lyrata shells were calcined at 900 ℃ and the catalyst samples were characterised using FTIR, SEM, PSA, and BET-BJH spectrographic techniques. A maximum fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) conversion of 97.3 % was obtained at optimum reaction conditions including methanol-to-oil ratio of 12:1, catalyst concentration of 2 wt.%, reaction temperature of 58 ℃ and reaction time of 2 hrs. In a comparative study with commercial CaO, M.Lyrata showed a higher catalytic activity. The catalyst reusability experiments ascertaining reusability of CaO up to four reuse cycles had shown good efficiency. The economic comparative study confirms that CaO derived from M.Lyrata can be used as an alternative and feasible catalyst for biodiesel production. The KME fuel properties complied to EN-14214 biodiesel fuel standards.
ISSN:2229-8649
2180-1606
DOI:10.15282/ijame.15.3.2018.21.0436