Structural, spectral, magnetic, and electrical properties of Gd–Co-co-substituted M-type Ca–Sr hexaferrites synthesized by the ceramic method

• Published in: Applied physics. A, Materials science & processing Materials science & processing, 2019, Vol.125 (1), p.1-13, Article 37
• Main Authors: Yang, Yujie, Wang, Fanhou, Shao, Juxiang, Huang, Duohui, Trukhanov, A. V., Trukhanov, S. V.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Applied physics; Calcium; Ceramic powders; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Coercivity; Condensed Matter Physics; Electrical properties; Electrical resistivity; Energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy; Field emission microscopy; Fourier transforms; Gadolinium; Infrared analysis; Infrared spectroscopy; Machines; Magnetic properties; Magnetic saturation; Magnetization; Manufacturing; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Optical and Electronic Materials; Photomicrographs; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Processes; Scanning electron microscopy; Spectrum analysis; Strontium; Substitutes; Surfaces and Interfaces; Thin Films; X-ray diffraction
• ISSN: 0947-8396; 1432-0630
• DOI: 10.1007/s00339-018-2339-1

Gd–Co-co-substituted M-type Ca–Sr hexaferrites with nominal compositions Ca 0.40 Sr 0.60− x Gd x Fe 12.00− x Co x O 19 (0.00 ≤  x  ≤ 0.32) were prepared using the standard ceramic method. The particle size of obtained hexaferrite powders is between 2 and 5 µm. These hexaferrites were characterized by thermal analyzer (TG-DSC), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transformer infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and resistivity testing system. XRD patterns showed that the single M-type hexaferrite phase was obtained only if Gd–Co content ( x ) ≤ 0.16. FE-SEM micrographs indicated that the grains were platelet-like shapes. The saturation magnetization ( M s ) and remanent magnetization ( M r ) decreased with increasing Gd–Co content ( x ) from 0.00 to 0.32. The coercivity ( H c ) first increased with Gd–Co content ( x ) from 0.00 to 0.24, and then decreased when Gd–Co content ( x ) ≥ 0.24. The DC electrical resistivity decreased with increasing Gd–Co content ( x ) from 0.00 to 0.32.